Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6981/10.1490/369869.0654tpl/On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Citation (0) Tuesday, June 13, 2023 at 6:30:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now Premium DOI: 10.1490/369869.0654tpl On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae S. R. Zhang (张书瑞) Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 13(06) ° 0631-1246 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: 10.1490/369869.0654tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgement0 Not Applicable. Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract The binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) model address long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) associated with type Ic supernovae (SNe) through a series of physical episodes that occur in a binary composed of a carbon-oxygen (CO) star (of mass ∼ 10M⊙) and a neutron star (NS) companion (of mass ∼ 2M⊙) in a compact orbit. The SN explosion of the CO star triggers sequence of seven events. The BdHN model has followed the traditional picture of the SN from the CO iron’s core collapse. However, the lack of a solution to the problem of producing successful SNe leaves room for alternative scenarios. We here show that tidal synchronization of the CO-NS binary can lead the CO star to critical conditions for fission, hence splitting into two stellar remnants, e.g., ∼ 8.5M⊙ + 1.5M⊙. We give specific examples of the properties of the products for various orbital periods relevant to BdHNe. The astrophysical consequences of this scenario are outlined. Introduction The origin of long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) is thought to be related to the death of massive stars, being their association with type Ic supernovae (SNe) Galama et al. (1998); Woosley & Bloom (2006); Della Valle (2011); Hjorth & Bloom (2012) one of the most compiling observational evidence. Since most massive stars belong to binaries (see, e.g., Kobulnicky & Fryer 2007; Sana et al. 2012), the direct collapse of a massive star to a BH should not produce an SN, observed preSN progenitors have masses ≲ 18 M⊙ (Smartt 2009, 2015), and stellar evolution models predict the direct formation of a BH only in progenitor stars ≳ 25M⊙ (see, e.g., Heger et al. 2003), one can conclude that the GRB and the SN should not originate from a single star. Based on the above theoretical and observational clues, the binary-driven hypernova (BdHN) model proposes a binary system composed of a carbon-oxygen star (CO) and a neutron star (NS) companion as the progenitor of GRB-SNe. We refer the reader to Rueda & Ruffini (2012); Fryer et al. (2014, 2015); Becerra et al. (2016); Ruffini et al. (2018b,a); Becerra et al. (2019); Ruffini et al. (2019); Rueda & Ruffini (2020); Moradi et al. (2021); Ruffini et al. (2021); Rueda et al. (2022b,a); Wang et al. (2022); Rueda et al. (2022c); Becerra et al. (2022), for theoretical details and applications of the BdHN model to specific sources, and to Aimuratov et al. (2023) for the latest developments. The BdHN model assumes the occurrence of the SN onsets the entire cataclysmic event: the core collapse of the CO forms a newborn NS (hereafter νNS) and ejects material that accretes onto the NS companion and the νNS owing to matter fallback. In this picture, the binary’s orbital period is a critical parameter determining the system’s fate and energetics, which leads to the classification of BdHNe into type I (≳ 1052 erg), II (∼ 1050– 1052 erg), and III (≲ 1050 erg; see Aimuratov et al. 2023, for details). Since the SN trigger and the νNS formation are crucial in explaining the event, a vast new topic has emerged from studying alternatives to assuming a single nonrotating star core-collapse SN event in the CO core. The alternative scenario has been recently advanced based on the fission process of the CO core due to its high rotation rate gained by corotation with its NS companion. It has been indicated in Aimuratov et al. (2023) that the GRB-SN might be triggered, e.g., by a fast rotating 10M⊙ CO star set in corotation with a companion NS in an orbital period of a few minutes. The CO fission creates an 8.5M⊙ Maclaurin ellipsoid core and a 1.5M⊙ companion triaxial Jacobi ellipsoid (hereafter, JTE) in a Roche-lobe configuration (see Fig. 1). The aim of this article is to evaluate specific examples of the above fission process. For this task, we have generalized (see appendix A) the classical tables of the Maclaurin and Jacobi sequences in Chandrasekhar (1969); Jeans (1929) treatises necessary to describe the CO core fission in the present astrophysical scenario. In Section 2, we illustrate a few examples of the binary progenitor before fission, i.e., an initial 10M⊙ CO core corotating with an NS companion for selected values of the orbital period. Section 3 shows examples of the system after the fission of the initial 10M⊙ CO core into a Maclaurin new CO core of 8.5M⊙ and a JTE companion of 1.5M⊙ (see Fig. 1). Mass and angular momentum conservation are necessary conditions in the fission process. To exemplify, we assume the CO core after fission lies on a specific location of the Maclaurin sequence and the JTE, by definition, on the Jacobi sequence. One could select alternative locations for the fission products, and the outcomes would not vary significantly, as the physical quantities are similar. The five examples of fission we are considering are displayed in Tables 1 and 2. Table 1 lists the physical properties of the CO before fission, while Table 2 presents the physical properties of the fission products. The initial CO core in all examples has a mass of 10M⊙, while the rotation period varies. Conclusion In the context of the BdHN model of GRB-SNe, we have given examples of an alternative scenario to the core collapse of the CO star. The corotation with the NS companion leads the CO star to fission into a new CO core in the Maclaurin sequence and a JTE of smaller mass. We have given examples where an initial CO core of 10M⊙ splits into a new Maclaurin spheroid CO core of 8.5M⊙ and a JTE of 1.5M⊙ (see Tables 1 and 2). The subsequent evolution of the new CO core in this scenario could potentially provide an alternative SN mechanism: during its collapse, the rotational and magnetic energies of the CO core increase, becoming sufficiently large to unbind the outermost stellar layers or even to disrupt the CO core (Rueda, Ruffini, and Zhang, in preparation). The evolution of the JTE possibly into a νNS remains to be studied. If angular momentum is conserved in that process, the parameters of the systems presented here would lead to a νNS that explains the observations of the X-ray luminosity observed in the very early phases of three BdHNe: GRB 220101A at cosmological redshift z = 4.2, GRB 090423 at z = 8.2 and GRB 090420B at z = 9.4 (Rueda, Ruffini, and Zhang, in preparation; Carlo Bianco et al. (2023)). The transition of the νNS from the Jacobi to the Maclaurin sequence releases a large amount of energy in kHz gravitational waves that could be detectable by the Advanced LIGO and Virgo interferometers for sources located up to ∼ 100 Mpc (see Rueda et al. 2022c, for details). TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow References Aimuratov, Y., Becerra, L. M., Bianco, C. L., et al. 2023, arXiv e-prints, arXiv:2303.16902, doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2303.16902 Becerra, L., Ellinger, C. L., Fryer, C. L., Rueda, J. A., & Ruffini, R. 2019, ApJ, 871, 14, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaf6b3 Becerra, L. M., Moradi, R., Rueda, J. A., Ruffini, R., & Wang, Y. 2022, PhRvD, 106, 083002, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.106.083002 Chandrasekhar, S. 1969, Ellipsoidal figures of equilibrium Della Valle, M. 2011, International Journal of Modern Physics D, 20, 1745, doi: 10.1142/S0218271811019827 Fryer, C. L., Oliveira, F. G., Rueda, J. A., & Ruffini, R. 2015, Physical Review Letters, 115, 231102, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.115.231102 Fryer, C. L., Rueda, J. A., & Ruffini, R. 2014, ApJL, 793, L36, doi: 10.1088/2041-8205/793/2/L36 Galama, T. J., Vreeswijk, P. M., van Paradijs, J., Kouveliotou, C., & et al. 1998, Nature, 395, 670, doi: 10.1038/27150 Heger, A., Fryer, C. L., Woosley, S. E., Langer, N., & Hartmann, D. H. 2003, ApJ, 591, 288, doi: 10.1086/375341 Hjorth, J., & Bloom, J. S. 2012, Cambridge Astrophysics Series, Vol. 51, The Gamma-Ray Burst - Supernova Connection, ed. C. Kouveliotou, R. A. M. J. Wijers, & S. 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A., Ruffini, R., Li, L., et al. 2022c, PhRvD, 106, 083004, doi: 10.1103/PhysRevD.106.083004 Ruffini, R., Karlica, M., Sahakyan, N., et al. 2018a, ApJ, 869, 101, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaeac8 Ruffini, R., Wang, Y., Aimuratov, Y., et al. 2018b, ApJ, 852, 53, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aa9e8b Ruffini, R., Moradi, R., Rueda, J. A., et al. 2019, ApJ, 886, 82, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab4ce6 —. 2021, MNRAS, 504, 5301, doi: 10.1093/mnras/stab724 Sana, H., de Mink, S. E., de Koter, A., et al. 2012, Science, 337, 444, doi: 10.1126/science.1223344 Smartt, S. J. 2009, ARA&A, 47, 63, doi: 10.1146/annurev-astro-082708-101737 —. 2015, PASA, 32, e016, doi: 10.1017/pasa.2015.17 Wang, Y., Rueda, J. A., Ruffini, R., et al. 2022, ApJ, 936, 190, doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac7da3 Woosley, S. E., & Bloom, J. S. 2006, ARA&A, 44, 507, doi: 10.1146/annurev.astro.43.072103.150558. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6879/10/1490/4506tpl/Searching for H→hh→bb¯ττ in the 2HDM Type-I at the LHC Citation (0) Received 10th June 2023 | Revised 23 September 2023 | Accepted 01 October 2023 Saturday, October 7, 2023 at 10:15:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 8 Astrophysics Experimental Article Rating by Readers 9.2 Premium https://doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/4506tpl Searching for H→hh→bb¯ττ in the 2HDM Type-I at the LHC A. Arhrib1,2∗ S. Moretti3,4† S. Semlali3,5‡ C. H. Shepherd-Themistocleous5§ Y. Wang6,7¶, Q. S. Yan8,9‖ ------------------------------------------------------ 1 Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, B.P. 2117 T´etouan, Tanger, Morocco. 2 Department of Physics and Center for Theory and Computation, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 300. 3School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom. 4Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University, Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden. 5Particle Physics Department, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, United Kingdom. 6College of Physics and Electronic Information, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot 010022, PR China. 7 Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory for Physics and Chemistry of Functional Materials, Inner Mongolia Normal University, Hohhot, 010022, China. 8Center for Future High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China. 9School of Physics Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, P.R. China. Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 03(10) ° 0631-4506 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters Total citation received before and after publication. Citation data TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgement We would like to thank Sam Harper for his invaluable input and discussions around the trigger analysis. SM is supported in part through the NExT Institute and the STFC Consolidated Grant ST/L000296/1. CHS-T(SS) is supported in part(full) through the NExT Institute. SS acknowledges the use of the IRIDIS High Performance Computing Facility, and associated support services at the University of Southampton, in the completion of this work. YW’s work is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China Grant No. 12275143, the Inner Mongolia Science Foundation Grant No. 2020BS01013 and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Inner Mongolia Normal University Grant No. 2022JBQN080. QSY is supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China under the Grants No. 11875260 and No. 12275143. Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract Unlike other realisations of the 2-Higgs Doublet Model (2HDM), the so-called Type-I allows for a very light Higgs boson spectrum. Specifically, herein, the heaviest of the two CP-even neutral Higgs states, H, can be the one discovered at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) in 2012, with a mass of ≈ 125 GeV and couplings consistent with those predicted by the Standard Model (SM). In such a condition of the model, referred to as ‘inverted mass hierarchy’, the decay of the SM-like Higgs state into pairs of the lightest CP-even neutral Higgs boson, h, is possible, for masses of the latter ranging from MH/2 ≈ 65 GeV down to 15 GeV or so, all compatible with experimental constraints. In this paper, we investigate the scope of the LHC in accessing the process gg → H → hh → b ¯bτ τ by performing a Monte Carlo (MC) analysis aimed at extracting this signal from the SM backgrounds, in presence of a dedicated trigger choice and kinematic selection. We prove that some sensitivity to such a channel exists already at Run 3 of the LHC while the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) will be able to either confirm or disprove this theoretical scenario over sizable regions of its parameter space. Introduction In the SM of particle physics, it is well known that the Higgs boson [1,2] is responsible for the generation of fermion and gauge boson masses through what is called Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking (SSB) [3, 4]. Such a mechanism also predicts a self-interaction for the Higgs state. The measurement of such a self-coupling is the only experimental way to understand the SSB mechanism and to reconstruct the Higgs potential responsible for it. This is an important (and challenging) task also because it can shed some light on possible Beyond the SM (BSM) effects that may affect Higgs self-couplings in general. The LHC has started a new campaign of measurements after the recent upgrade, the socalled Run 3. This will involve, among other things, measuring ever more precisely the coupling of the SM-like Higgs boson to other SM particles or even progressing towards the measurement of its self-coupling. The LHC is also capable of measuring new decays of the SM-like Higgs boson into non-SM particles. Current results from the ATLAS and CMS experiments indicate that the measured SM-like Higgs signal rates in all channels agree well with the SM theoretical predictions at the ∼ 2σ level [5, 6]. However, there are several pieces of evidences, both theoretical (the hierarchy problem, the absence of gauge coupling unification, etc.) and experimental (neutrino masses, the matter-antimatter asymmetry, etc.), which indicate that the SM could not be the ultimate description of Nature but should be viewed as a low-energy effective theory of some more fundamental one yet to be discovered. There exist several BSM theories that address these weaknesses of the SM while identifying the 125 GeV scalar particle as a part of an extended scalar sector. One of the simplest extensions of the SM is the 2HDM, which contains two Higgs doublets, Φ1 and Φ2, which give masses to all fermions and gauge bosons. The particle spectrum of the 2HDM is as follows: two CP-even (h and H, with mh < mH, one of them being identified with the SM-like Higgs boson with mass 125 GeV: H in our case), one CP-odd (A) and a pair of charged (H±) Higgs bosons. According to the latest experimental results from both ATLAS and CMS, the presence of non-SM decay modes of the SM-like Higgs boson is not completely ruled out. Both experiments have set upper limits on the Branching Ratio (BR) of such non-SM decays which are 12% for ATLAS [5] and 16% for CMS [6]. The LHC experiments are expected to soon constrain the BRs of such non-SM decays beyond the 5-10% level using indirect measurements [7,8]. There exist several BSM models that possess such non-SM decays of the SM-like Higgs boson: non-minimal scenarios of Supersymmetry [9] such as the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and new Monimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (NMSSM/mMSSM) [10–13], models for Dark Matter (DM) [14–17], scenarios with first order Electro-Weak (EW) phase transitions [18,19] and an extended Higgs sector [20,21]. It is then crucial to use LHC Higgs measurements to test BSM models that predict such exotic SM-like Higgs decays (i.e., into non-SM particles). In the 2HDM, if the heavy CP-even H is the observed SM-like Higgs boson, then H can decay into a pair of light CP-even Higgs states, H → hh, or CP-odd ones, H → AA. The phenomenology of such decays of the observed SM-like Higgs boson is studied in Refs. [22–25] for the case of the 2HDM, with an emphasis on the so-called Type-I (see below). Conclusion The Type-I is an intriguing realisation of the 2HDM as it allows for the so-called inverted mass hierarchy scenario, wherein the Higgs boson discovered at the LHC on 4 July 2012 can be identified as the heaviest CP-even Higgs state of this construct, H, with a mass of 125 GeV or so and couplings to fermions and gauge bosons similar to those predicted in the SM. Such a configuration specifically implies that there is then a lighter CP-even Higgs state, h, into pairs of which the heavy one can decay: i.e., via H → hh. Needless to say, this can be realised without contradicting any of the theoretical requirements of self-consistency of the 2HDM or current experimental results, whether coming for measurements of the discovered Higgs boson or null searches for companions to it. In fact, the latter have primarily been concentrating on other realisations of the 2HDM, where only the standard mass hierarchy is actually possible (i.e., mh ≈ 125 GeV < mH), thereby altogether missing out on the possibility of optimising searches for very light neutral Higgs states in general. Specifically, here, by looking for H → hh signals in the 2HDM Type-I, we have concentrated on the following mass range: 15 GeV < mh < mH/2 The production of the heavy CP-even Higgs state (the SM-like Higgs boson) at the LHC was pursued via gluon-gluon fusion, gg → H, indeed, the dominant channel, while we have focused on the hh → b ¯bτ τ decay pattern, where the two heavy leptons where tagged through their (different flavour) electron and muon decays. By performing a sophisticated MC analysis of signal versus background, we have shown that both Run 3 of the CERN machine and its HLLHC phase can offer sensitivity to this 2HDM Type-I signal, in the presence of very low mass trigger thresholds (on the electrons and muons) already implemented for Run 3 and also possible at the HL-LHC. We have done so by adopting several BPs capturing representative mh values over the aforementioned interval after a fine scanning of the whole 2HDM Type-I parameter space, of which they are therefore representative examples amenable to further scrutiny by the LHC collaborations. Finally notice that, if the collision energy of the LHC increases from 13 TeV to 14 TeV, the production rate of the signal process gg → H can increase by 10%, as 16 shown in [65] (with the dominant backgrounds, tt¯ and Zb¯b, scaling similarly or less), lending further scope to our analysis in the near future. 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Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT PTL OPEN Citation (0) nkobasko@gmail.com Monday, March 29, 2021 at 10:30:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now DOI: 10.1490/100235.160ptl Thermal Equilibrium and Universal Correlation for Its Heating – Cooling Time Evaluation N. I. Kobasko ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. Abstract Introduction Conclusion References ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. Featured Changeover the Schrödinger Equation $100.00 Price Excluding Sales Tax View Details

Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT PTL LOCKED Tphysicsletters/4587/890/Dark matter and radiation production during warm inflation in a curved universe-an irreversible thermodynamic approach Citation (0) Monday, March 13, 2023 at 6:30:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now PTL LOCKED DOI: 10.1490/6987750.433tpl Dark matter and radiation production during warm inflation in a curved universe-an irreversible thermodynamic approach TEODORA MATEI Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 01(01) ° 987.-6986 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: 10.1490/6987750.433tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract We investigate the creation of dark matter particles as a result of the decay of the scalar field in the framework of warm inflationary models, by using the irreversible thermodynamics of open systems with matter creation/annihilation. We consider the scalar fields, radiation and dark matter as an interacting three component cosmological fluid in a homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) Universe, in the presence of the curvature terms. The thermodynamics of open systems as applied together with the gravitational field equations to the three component cosmological fluid leads to a generalization of the elementary scalar field-radiation interaction model, which is the theoretical basis of warm inflationary models. Moreover, the decay (creation) pressures describing matter production are explicitly considered as parts of the cosmological fluid energy-momentum tensor. A specific theoretical model, describing coherently oscillating scalar waves, is considered. In particular, we investigate the role of the curvature terms in the dynamical evolution of the early Universe, by considering numerical solutions of the gravitational field equations. Our results indicate that despite the fact that the Universe becomes flat at the end of the inflationary era, the curvature terms, if present, may still play an important role in the very first stages of the evolution of the Universe. Introduction The question of the homogeneity settled over far apart regions in space, respectively the queries concerning the horizon and the flatness problems of the Universe, are beautifully answered by the theory of inflation, introduced in Guth (1981). Alan Guth’s “old inflation” requires the existence of a scalar field, whose energymomentum tensor mimics that of an ideal fluid. For a detailed discussion of the properties of scalar fields see Mukhanov (2005) and Nojiri et al. (2017), respectively. Later on, a “new inflation” scenario was proposed, in which the self-interacting potential V (φ) of the scalar field was set to be nearly flat at its minimum, where it un Bucharest, 2022 2 Teodora MATEI et al. 2 dergoes oscillatory fluctuations (Linde, 1982; Albrecht and Steinhardt, 1982). Due to multiple complications raised by this model, the chaotic inflationary scenario was developed in Linde (1983) and Linde (1994), respectively. In the chaotic inflation model one considers a region in space where at the initial time t = t0 the scalar field is very large, and approximately homogeneous. The energy-momentum tensor of the scalar field is dominated by the large potential, thus leading to an equation of state pφ ≈ −ρφ, and to an inflationary expansion. Conclusion The present paper aims to address from an open thermodynamical system perspective the problem of the creation of particles in a warm inflationary scenario by considering a three-component dynamical system composed of a scalar field, radiation, and dark matter, respectively. Moreover, we have assumed that the Universe may have had an initial curvature at the moment of its very beginning, and we have explored the role this curvature may have had on the evolution of the physical properties of the cosmological system. The work conducted in this paper intends to enlarge the approach of Harko and Sheikhahmadi (2020), by including a dark matter and a curvature component into the cosmological field equations of the warm inflationary formalism. In our study we have considered the early Universe as an open thermodynamic systems in which entropy and particle creation occurs (Prigogine et al., 1988). The time evolution of the dynamically interacting cosmological fluid consisting of a scalar field, radiation and dark matter has been investigated in the curved FLRW geometry, with the effects of the geometric curvature terms fully taken into account. Some important features of this model can be observed from the behaviour of the physical and geometrical parameters, as obtained in the previous Section. As the scalar field decays into the newly created radiation and dark matter particles (see Fig. 1), the temperature of the early Universe is bound to increase, in the case of a flat, k = 0, open, k = −1, or closed, k = 1, geometry, from a zero value to a maximum 12 Teodora MATEI et al. 12 value. After reaching its maximum, the temperature decreases, due to the accelerated expansion of the Universe. Buy to read more. TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow References Albrecht A., Steinhardt P.J. , Turner M.S., Wilczek F.: 1982, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1437. Albrecht A., Steinhardt P.J.: 1982, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48, 1220. Antusch S., Nolde D., Orani S.: 2015, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 06, 009. Bastero-Gil M., Berera A., Ramos R.O.: 2011, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 1107, 030. Berera A., Fang L.-Z.: 1995, Phys. Rev. Lett. 74 1912. Berera A., Moss I. G. and Ramos R. O.: 2009, Reports on Progress in Physics 72, 026901. Berera A.: 1996, Phys. Rev. D 54, 2519. Berera A.: 1995, Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3218. B¨ohmer C. 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D 50, 7222. Lima J.A.S., Baranov I.: 2014, Phys. Rev. D 90, 043515. Lima J.A.S., Basilakos S., Sol`a J.: 2016, Eur. Phys. J. C 76, 228. Linde A.: 1982, Phys. Lett. B 108, 389. Linde A.: 1983, Phys. Lett. B 129, 177. Linde A.: 1994, Phys. Rev. D 49, 748. Modak S.K., Singleton D.: 2012, Phys. Rev. D 86, 123515. Mukhanov V.: 2005, Physical Foundations of Cosmology, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. Nojiri S., Odintsov S.D., Oikonomou V.K.: 2017, Phys. Rep. 692, 1. Nunes R.C., Pan S.: 2016, Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 459, 673. Pigozzo C., Carneiro S., Alcaniz J.S. , Borges H.A., Fabris J.C.: 2016, J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. 05, 022. Pinto M. A. S., Harko T., and Lobo F. S. N.:2022, Phys. Rev. D 106, 044043. Prigogine I., Geheniau J., Gunzig E., Nardone P.: 1988, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 85, 7428. 17 Dark matter and radiation in warm inflation 17 Qiang Y., Zhang T.-J., Yi Z.-L.: 2007, Astrophys. Space Sci. 311, 407. Stewart E. D.: 2002, Phys. Rev. D 65, 103508. Su J., Harko T., Liang S.-D.: 2017, Adv. High Energy Phys. 2017, 76502398. Zimdahl W., Triginer J., Pavon D.: 1996, Phys. Rev. D 54, 6101. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6879/10/1490/687400tpl/A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new faint, diffuse dwarf satellite of NGC 55 Citation (30) Monday, September 11, 2023 at 3:15:00 PM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 9 Astrophysics Experimental Article Rating by Readers 9 Premium doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/687400tpl A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new faint, diffuse dwarf satellite of NGC 55 M. McNanna, 1 K. Bechtol,1 S. Mau,2, 3 E. O. Nadler,4, 5 J. Medoff,6 A. Drlica-Wagner,6, 7, 8 W. Cerny, 9 D. Crnojevic´, 10 B. Mutlu-Pakdıl, 11 A. K. Vivas, 12 A. B. Pace, 13 J. L. Carlin, 14 M. L. M. Collins, 15 D. Mart´ınez-Delgado, 16 C. E. Mart´ınez-Vazquez ´ , 17 N. E. D. Noel, 15 A. H. Riley, 18 D. J. Sand, 19 A. Smercina, 20 R. H. Wechsler, 2, 3, 21 T. M. C. Abbott,12 M. Aguena,22 O. Alves,23 D. Bacon,24 C. R. Bom, 25 D. Brooks, 26 D. L. Burke,3, 21 J. A. Carballo-Bello, 27 A. Carnero Rosell, 28, 22, 29 J. Carretero, 30 L. N. da Costa,22 T. M. Davis, 31 J. De Vicente, 32 H. T. Diehl, 7 P. Doel,26 I. Ferrero,33 J. Frieman, 7, 8 G. Giannini, 30 D. Gruen, 34 G. Gutierrez, 7 R. A. Gruendl,35, 36 S. R. Hinton,31 D. L. Hollowood,37 K. Honscheid, 38, 39 D. J. James, 40, 41 K. Kuehn, 42, 43 J. L. Marshall, 18 J. Mena-Fernandez ´ , 32 R. Miquel, 44, 30 M. E. S. Pereira,45 A. Pieres, 22, 46 A. A. Plazas Malagon´ , 3, 21 J. D. Sakowska, 15 E. Sanchez, 32 D. Sanchez Cid, 32 B. Santiago,47, 22 I. Sevilla-Noarbe, 32 M. Smith, 48 G. S. Stringfellow, 49 E. Suchyta, 50 M. E. C. Swanson,51 G. Tarle, 23 N. Weaverdyck23, 52 P. Wiseman48 ---------------------------------------------------------------- 1Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1150 University Avenue Madison, WI 53706, USA 2Department of Physics, Stanford University, 382 Via Pueblo Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 3Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics & Cosmology, P. O. Box 2450, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA 4Carnegie Observatories, 813 Santa Barbara Street, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA 5Department of Physics & Astronomy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, USA 6Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 7Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, P. O. Box 500, Batavia, IL 60510, USA 8Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 9Department of Astronomy, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520, USA 10Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tampa, 401 West Kennedy Boulevard, Tampa, FL 33606, USA 11Department of Physics and Astronomy, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755, USA 12Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory/NSF’s NOIRLab, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile 13McWilliams Center for Cosmology, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA 14Vera C. Rubin Observatory/AURA, 950 N Cherry Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA 15Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK 16Instituto de Astrof´ısica de Andaluc´ıa, CSIC, Glorieta de la Astronom´ıa, E-18080, Granada, Spain 17Gemini Observatory, NSF’s NOIRLab, 670 N. A’ohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA 18George P. and Cynthia Woods Mitchell Institute for Fundamental Physics and Astronomy, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA 19Steward Observatory, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721-0065, USA 20Department of Astronomy, University of Washington, Box 351580, U.W., Seattle, WA 98195-1580, USA 21SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA 22Laborat´orio Interinstitucional de e-Astronomia - LIneA, Rua Gal. Jos´e Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil 23Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA 24Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, PO1 3FX, UK 25Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas F´ısicas, Rua Dr. Xavier Sigaud 150, 22290-180 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil 26Department of Physics & Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK 27Instituto de Alta Investigaci´on, Sede Esmeralda, Universidad de Tarapac´a, Av. Luis Emilio Recabarren 2477, Iquique, Chile 28Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias, E-38205 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 29Universidad de La Laguna, Dpto. Astrof´ısica, E-38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 30Institut de F´ısica d’Altes Energies (IFAE), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra (Barcelona) Spain 31School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia 32Centro de Investigaciones Energ´eticas, Medioambientales y Tecnol´ogicas (CIEMAT), Madrid, Spain 33Institute of Theoretical Astrophysics, University of Oslo. P.O. Box 1029 Blindern, NO-0315 Oslo, Norway 34University Observatory, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit¨at, Scheinerstr. 1, 81679 Munich, Germany 35Center for Astrophysical Surveys, National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA 36Department of Astronomy, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1002 W. Green Street, Urbana, IL 61801, USA 37Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA 38Center for Cosmology and Astro-Particle Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 39Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA 40ASTRAVEO LLC, PO Box 1668, MA 01931 41Applied Materials, Inc., 35 Dory Road, Gloucester, MA 01930 42Australian Astronomical Optics, Macquarie University, North Ryde, NSW 2113, Australia 43Lowell Observatory, 1400 Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA 44Instituci´o Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avan¸cats, E-08010 Barcelona, Spain 45Hamburger Sternwarte, Universit¨at Hamburg, Gojenbergsweg 112, 21029 Hamburg, Germany 46Observat´orio Nacional, Rua Gal. Jos´e Cristino 77, Rio de Janeiro, RJ - 20921-400, Brazil 47Instituto de F´ısica, UFRGS, Caixa Postal 15051, Porto Alegre, RS - 91501-970, Brazil 48School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK 49Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, 389 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309-0389, USA 50Computer Science and Mathematics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 51National Center for Supercomputing Applications, 1205 West Clark St., Urbana, IL 61801, USA 52Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 10(09) ° 0631-8743 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: https://www.doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/687400tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion MM and KB acknowledge support from NSF grant AST-2009441. Research by DC is supported by NSF grant AST-1814208. ABP is supported by NSF grant AST-1813881. JLC acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1816196. CEMV is supported by the international Gemini Observatory, a program of NSF’s NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation, on behalf of the Gemini partnership of Argentina, Brazil, Canada, Chile, the Republic of Korea, and the United States of America. DJS acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1821967 and AST-2205863. JACB acknowledges support from FONDECYT Regular N 1220083. Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract We report results from a systematic wide-area search for faint dwarf galaxies at heliocentric distances from 0.3 to 2 Mpc using the full six years of data from the Dark Energy Survey (DES). Unlike previous searches over the DES data, this search specifically targeted a field population of faint galaxies located beyond the Milky Way virial radius. We derive our detection efficiency for faint, resolved dwarf galaxies in the Local Volume with a set of synthetic galaxies and expect our search to be complete to MV ∼ (−7, −10) mag for galaxies at D = (0.3, 2.0) Mpc respectively. We find no new field dwarfs in the DES footprint, but we report the discovery of one high-significance candidate dwarf galaxy at a distance of 2.2 +0.05 −0.12 Mpc, a potential satellite of the Local Volume galaxy NGC 55, separated by 47 arcmin (physical separation as small as 30 kpc). We estimate this dwarf galaxy to have an absolute V-band magnitude of −8.0 +0.5 −0.3 mag and an azimuthally averaged physical half-light radius of 2.2 +0.5 −0.4 kpc, making this one of the lowest surface brightness galaxies ever found with µ = 32.3 mag arcsec−2 . This is the largest, most diffuse galaxy known at this luminosity, suggesting possible tidal interactions with its host. Introduction Dwarf galaxies are the most abundant galaxies in the Universe, and their demographics offer a unique probe into galaxy formation and feedback processes, reionization, and the nature of dark matter. The brightest Local Group (LG) galaxies were historically discovered predominantly in visual searches of photographic plates (Shapley 1938a,b; Harrington & Wilson 1950; Wilson 1955; Cannon et al. 1977; Irwin et al. 1990; Ibata et al. 1994). Large digital sky surveys have since allowed for fainter systems to be discovered using statistical matched-filter techniques, identifying faint dwarf galaxies as arcminute-scale overdensities of old, metal poor stars (Willman et al. 2005a,b; Zucker et al. 2006a,b; Belokurov et al. 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010; Grillmair 2006, 2009; Sakamoto & Hasegawa 2006; Irwin et al. 2007; Walsh et al. 2007). Searches using these matched filter techniques have been applied to the current generation of wide imaging surveys to detect yet fainter and more distant systems (Bechtol et al. 2015; DrlicaWagner et al. 2015; Koposov et al. 2015, 2018; Kim et al. 2015a,b; Kim & Jerjen 2015; Martin et al. 2015; Laevens et al. 2015a,b; Torrealba et al. 2016a,b, 2018, 2019; Homma et al. 2016, 2018, 2019; Luque et al. 2017; Mau et al. 2020; Cerny et al. 2021b, 2022, 2023). Ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (MV ≳ −7.7, Simon 2019) are the most dark matter-dominated systems known and represent the extreme limit of the galaxy formation process, likely inhabiting the lowest-mass dark matter halos capable of hosting star formation (Nadler et al. 2020). Recent systematic searches for ultra-faint Milky Way (MW) satellite galaxies over ∼ 80% of the sky have allowed for robust inferences about the population of such galaxies within the virial radius of the MW (Koposov et al. 2008; Drlica-Wagner et al. 2020). This census has allowed for the first constraints on the galaxy-halo connection for dark matter halos below 108 M⊙, including evidence for the statistical impact of the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) on the MW satellite population (Nadler et al. 2020), and limits on the properties of several alternative dark matter models (Newton et al. 2018, 2021; Kim et al. 2018; Nadler et al. 2021; Mau et al. 2022).However, the population of LG galaxies beyond the MW virial radius (300 kpc) is less explored. Dwarf galaxies dominate the universe by number, yet a precise census of these objects remains challenging due to their inherently faint nature and the limited sensitivity of observational surveys. In the nearby universe, these low-luminosity dwarf galaxies are detected in optical imaging surveys as arcminute-scale statistical overdensities of individually resolved stars. Previous searches for distant dwarf galaxies have primarily been targeted searches of the halos of larger host galaxies, typically out to their virial radii. ............. designated DES J0015- 3825, based on a stellar population consistent with the tip of the red giant branch of an old, metal-poor stellar population at a distance of ∼ 2 Mpc (Section 3). We use deeper follow-up DECam images of the candidate to confirm and characterize it. The proximity of DES J0015-3825 to the LMC-mass galaxy NGC 55 suggests the presence of a low luminosity central-satellite system and possible tidal interactions between the two galaxies; we therefore refer to the candidate dwarf galaxy as NGC 55-dw1 throughout this paper. Finally, we discuss the implications for the total galaxy population within 2 Mpc and the outlook for searches with future wide-area imaging surveys (Section 4). Read more related publications Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Buy Now SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Buy Now Mutual stress flow theorem of electromagnetic field and extension of Newton's th Buy Now Conclusion We performed a search over the DES Y6 data for faint field dwarf galaxies with heliocentric distances D = 0.3−2 Mpc using the simple matched-filter search algorithm. This algorithm identifies galaxies as arcminutescale overdensities of individually resolved stars. We assessed the completeness of our search by the injection and recovery of synthetic galaxies inserted into the DES data at the catalog level, with a small number of galaxies being inserted at the image level to assess blending effects. For smaller ultra-faints (physical half-light radius ≲ 100 pc), we expect completeness to roughly MV = −6.5 mag for galaxies with D = 0.5 Mpc and MV = −10.5 mag for galaxies with D = 2 Mpc. For larger galaxies (physical half-light radius ≳ 1000 pc), we expect completeness to roughly MV = −8.5 mag for galaxies with D ≤ 1.0 Mpc and MV = −10.0 mag for galaxies with D = 2 Mpc. We do not find any new dwarf galaxies within our search space. Based on a set of high-resolution cosmological zoom-in simulations of LG-like volumes, this result is not entirely inconsistent with expectations despite these simulations often predicting the existence of several detectable galaxies visible to our survey. With the exception of the unresolved Tucana B, we do recover the known galaxies within our search volume at high significance TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow References Abbott, T. M. C., Adam´ow, M., Aguena, M., et al. 2021, ApJS, 255, 20 Adhikari, S., Dalal, N., & Chamberlain, R. T. 2014, Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2014, 019 Aihara, H., Armstrong, R., Bickerton, S., et al. 2018, PASJ, 70, S8 Akeson, R., Armus, L., Bachelet, E., et al. 2019, arXiv e-prints, arXiv:1902.05569 Astropy Collaboration, Robitaille, T. P., Tollerud, E. 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W., et al. 2006a, ApJL, 650, L41 —. 2006b, ApJL, 643, L103 Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/vol-10/no-x/Underlying Structure-Activity Correlations of 2D Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides-Based Electrocatalysts for Boosted Hydrogen Generation Citation (2) 10.1490/100236.980ptl Thursday, September 30, 2021 at 1:30:00 PM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 8 Theoretical Physics Article Rating by Readers 8.6 https://doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/100236/980ptl Underlying Structure-Activity Correlations of 2D Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides-Based Electrocatalysts for Boosted Hydrogen Generation Zhexu Xi Theoretical Physics Letters (IF 3.012) 2021 ° 30(09) ° 09-15 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: https://doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/100236/980ptl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgment Not Applicable Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract Hydrogen fuel is an ideal energy source to replace the traditional fossil fuels because of its high energy density and renewability. Electrochemical water splitting is alsoregarded as a sustainable, cleaning and eco-friendly method for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER), but a cheaper, earth-abundant and similarly efficient alternative to Pt as an HERcatalyst cannot still be discovered. Recently, 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) aredemonstrated to greatly enhance the HER activity. Herein, our work provides an insight intothe recent advances in 2D TMDs-based HER following the composition-characterisation-construction guideline. After the background introduction, several research outputs based on 2D TMDs as well as the comprehensive analysis on the modulation strategies of 2D TMDs, for the purposes of increasing the active sites, improvingthe intrinsic activity and altering the electronic states. Finally, the future opportunities andchallenges of 2D TMDs electrocatalysts are briefly featured. Introduction Nowadays, demand for usable energy worldwide has dramatically risen due to rapid growth in population, which inevitably triggers the overuse of traditional fossil fuels as well as a series of environmental issues [1, 2]. Accordingly, it is of great importance to find another, less polluting energy source to tackle the current problems. Hydrogen (H2), owing to its zero-polluting combustion byproduct (water) and high energy density, holds high potential as an alternative to fossil energy [3] . For H2 production pathways, water electrolysis (electrocatalytic water splitting) is also known as a renewable and clean industrial approach [4] . Currently, the best electrocatalyst for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER) is Pt, which markedly minimizes the overpotential and exhibits optimal catalytic activity. However, the high cost and limited reserves of Pt seriously restrict the further development of Pt-based catalysts [3, 5] . Thus, a novel HER electrocatalyst with rich abundance and similar reactivity to Pt has captured wide attention. Read more like this Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Buy Now Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Buy Now A method for automated regression test in scientific computing libraries: illust Buy Now Conclusion We comprehensively summarised the modification strategies and the state-of-the-art advances of HER electrocatalysts based on 2D TMDs. Following the composition-characterisation-construction guideline, we offered three methodologies for HER enhancement: 1) to increase the active sites; 2) to improve the intrinsic conductivity and activity; 3) to optimise the electronic structure. These strategies can boost HER performance individually or in a synergistic way to highlight their roles in structural design and electronic modulation. Both theoretical and experimental findings play vital roles in more insight into TMDs-related HER system, as comprehensively summarised in Fig. 8. TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow References [1] Turner, J. A. Sustainable Hydrogen Production. Science 2004, 305, 972-974. [2] Tabassum, H.; Mahmood, A.; Zhu, B.; Liang, Z.; Zhong, R.; Guo, S.; Zou, R. Recent Advances in Confining Metal-Based Nanoparticles into Carbon Nanotubes for Electrochemical Energy Conversion and Storage Devices. Energy Environ. Sci. 2019, 12, 2924-2956. [3] Liu, Y.; Wu, J.; Hackenberg, K. P.; Zhang, J.; Wang, Y. M.; Yang, Y.; Keyshar, K.; Gu, J.; Ogitsu, T.; Vajtai, R. Self-Optimizing, Highly Surface-Active Layered Metal Dichalcogenide Catalysts for Hydrogen Evolution. Nat. Energy 2017, 2, 17127.CC . 4 INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTION Page 271Underlying Structure-Activity Correlations of 2D Layered Transition Metal Dichalcogenides-Based Electrocatalysts for Boosted Hydrogen Generation- Zhexu Xi [4] Zhang, J.; Wang, T.; Liu, P.; Liu, S.; Dong, R.; Zhuang, X.; Chen, M.; Feng X. Engineering Water Dissociation Sites in MoS2 Nanosheets for Accelerated Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production. Energy Environ. Sci. 2016, 9, 2789-2793. [5] Zou, X.; Zhang, Y. Noble Metal-Free Hydrogen Evolution Catalysts for Water Splitting. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2015, 44, 5148-5180. [6] Li, T.; Li, S.; Liu, Q.; Yin, J.; Sun, D.; Zhang, M.; Xu, L.; Tang, Y.; Zhang, Y. Immobilization of Ni3Co Nanoparticles into N‐Doped Carbon Nanotube/Nanofiber Integrated Hierarchically Branched Architectures toward Efficient Overall Water Splitting. Adv. Sci. 2020, 7, 1902371. [7] Thanh, T. D.; Chuong, N. D.; Hien, H. V.; Kshetri, T.; Tuan, L. H.; Kim, N. H.; Lee, J. H. 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[12] Garlyyev, B.; Fichtner, J.; Piqué, O.; Schineider, O.; Bandarenka, A. S.; Calle-Vallejo, F. Revealing the Nature of Active Sites in Electrocatalysis. Chem. Sci. 2019, 10, 8060-8075. [13] Tributsch, H.; Bennett, J. C. Electrochemistry and Photochemistry of MoS2 Layer Crystals. 1. J. Electroanal. Chem. 1977, 81, 97-111. [14] Hinnemann, B.; Moses, P. G.; Bonde, J.; Jorgensen, K. P.; Nielsen, J. H.; Horch, S.; Chorkendorff, I.; Norskov, J. K. Biomimetic Hydrogen Evolution: MoS2 Nanoparticles as Catalyst for Hydrogen Evolution. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2005, 127, 5308–5309. [15] Jaramillo, T. F.; Jorgensen, K. P.; Bonde, J.; Nielsen, J. H.; Horch, S.; Chorkendorff, I. Identification of Active Edge Sites for Electrochemical H2 Evolution from MoS2 Nanocatalysts. Science 2007, 317, 100-102. [16] Yin, Z.; Li, H.; Li, H.; Jiang, L.; Shi, Y.; Sun, Y.; Lu, G.; Zhang, Q.; Chen, X.; Zhang, H. Single-Layer MoS2 Transistors. ACS Nano 2012, 6, 74-80. [17] Nguyen, T. P.; Choi, S.; Jeon, J. -M.; Kwon, K. C.; Jang, H. W.; Kim, S. Y. Transition Metal Disulfide Nanosheets Synthesized by Facile Sonication Method for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. J. Phys. Chem. C 2016, 120, 3929-3935. [18] Zhang, N.; Ma, W.; Wu, T.; Wang, H.; Han, D.; Niu, L. Edge-Rich MoS2 Naonosheets Rooting into Polyaniline Nanofibers as Effective Catalyst for Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution. Electrochim Acta 2015, 180, 155-163. [19] Li, H.; Yu, K.; Tang, Z.; Zhu, Z. Experimental and First-Principles Investigation of MoWS2 with High Hydrogen Evolution Performance. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 2016, 8, 29442-29451. [20] Zhou, S.; Han, J.; Sun, J.; Srolovitz, D. J. MoS2 Edges and Heterophase Interfaces: Energy, Structure and Phase Engineering. 2D Mater. 2017, 4, 025080. [21] Lukowski, M. A.; Daniel, A. S.; Meng, F.; Forticaux, A.; Li, L.; Jin, S. Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Catalysis from Chemically Exfoliated Metallic MoS2 Nanosheets. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2013, 135, 10274-10277. [22] Attanayake, N. H.; Thenuwara, A. C.; Patra, A.; Aulin, Y. V.; Tran, T. M.; Chakraborty, H.; Borguet, E.; Klein, M. L.; Perdew, J. P.; Strongin, D. R. Effect of Intercalated Metals on the Electrocatalytic Activity of 1T-MoS2 for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. ACS Energy Lett. 2017, 3, 7-13. [23] Chen, Y. C.; Lu, A.; Lu, P.; Yang, X.; Jiang, C.; Mariano, M.; Kaehr, B.; Lin, O.; Taylor, A.; Sharp, I. D.; Li, L.; Chou, S. S.; Tung, V. Structurally Deformed MoS2 for Electrochemically Stable, Thermally Resistant, and Highly EfficientHydrogen Evolution Reaction. Adv. Mater. 2017, 29, 1703863. [24] Tan, Y.; Liu, P.; Chen, L.; Cong, W.; Ito, Y.; Han, J.; Guo, X.; Tang, Z.; Fujita, T.; Hirata, A.; Chen M. W. Monolayer MoS2 Films Supported by 3D Nanoporous Metals for High-Efficiency Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Production. Adv. Mater. 2014, 26, 8023-8028. [25] Kim, Y.; Jackson, D. H. K.; Lee, D.; Choi, M.; Kim, T. -W.; Jeong, S. -Y.; Chae, H. -J.; Kim, H. W.; Park, N.; Chang, H.; Kuech, T. F.; Kim, H. J. In Situ Electrochemical Activation of Atomic Layer Deposition Coated MoS2 Basal Planes for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2017, 27, 1701825. [26] Cheng, C. -C.; Lu, A. -Y.; Tseng, C. -C.; Yang, X.; Hedhili, M. N.; Chen, M. -C.; Wei, K. -H.; Li, L. -J. Activating Basal-Plane Catalytic Activity of TwoDimensional MoS2 Monolayer with Remote Hydrogen Plasma. Nano Energy 2016, 30, 846–852. [27] Lin, S. -H.;Kuo, J. -L. Activating and Tuning Basal Planes of MoO2, MoS2, and MoSe2 for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2015, 17, 29305-29310. [28] Gao, D.; Xia, B.; Zhu, C.; Du, Y.; Xi, P.; Xue, D.; Ding, J.; Wang, J. Activation of the MoSe2 Basal Plane and Se-Edge by B Doping for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution. J. Mater. Chem. A 2018, 6, 510-515. [29] Son, D. -Y.; Lee, J. -W.; Choi, Y. J.; Jang, I. -H.; Lee, S.; Yoo, P. J.; Shin, H.; Ahn, N.; Choi, M.; Kim, D.; Park, N. -G. Self-Formed Grain Boundary Healing Layer for Highly Efficient CH3-NH3-PbI3 Perovskite Solar Cells. Nat. Energy 2016, 1, 16081. [30] He, Y.; Tang, P.; Hu, Z.; He, Q.; Zhu, C.; Wang, L.; Zeng, Q.; Golani, P.; Gao, G.; Fu, W.; et al. Engineering Grain Boundaries at the 2D Limit for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Nat. Commun. 2020, 11, 1-12. [31] Bonde, J.; Moses, P. G.; Jaramillo, T. F.; Nørskov, J. K.; Chorkendorff, I. Hydrogen Evolution on Nano-Particulate Transition Metal Sulfides. Faraday Discuss. 2009, 140, 219-231. [32] Zhang, J.; Xu, X.; Yang, L.; Cheng, D.; Cao, D. Single-Atom Ru Doping Induced Phase Transition of MoS2 and S Vacancy for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Small Methods 2019, 3, 1900653. [33] Zhang, H.; Yu, L.; Chen, T.; Zhou, W.; Lou, X. W. D. Surface Modulation of Hierarchical MoS2 Nanosheets by Ni Single Atoms for Enhanced Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. Adv. Funct. Mater. 2018, 28, 1807086. [34] Tvrdy, K.; Frantsuzov, P. A.; Kamat, P. V. Photoinduced Electron Transfer from Semiconductor Quantum Dots to Metal Oxide Nanoparticles. PNAS 2011, 108, 29-34. [35] Presolski, S.; Wang, L.; Loo, A. H.; Ambrosi, A.; Lazar, P.; Ranc, V.; Otyepka, M.; Zboril, R.; Tomanec, O.; Ugolotti, J.; et al. Functional Nanosheet Synthons by Covalent Modification of Transition-Metal Dichalcogenides. Chem. Mater. 2017, 29, 2066-2073. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/vol-10/no-02/Self – Regulated Thermal Process Taking Place during Hardening of Materials and Its Practical Use Citation (0) Locked access Saturday, January 1, 2022 at 6:30:00 PM UTC Request Open Apply Now Locked DOI: 10.1490/5012578.763ptl Self – Regulated Thermal Process Taking Place during Hardening of Materials and Its Practical Use Nikolai I. Kobasko ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/vol-10/no-7/Mutual stress flow theorem of electromagnetic field and extension of Newton's third law Citation (0) Tuesday, June 7, 2022 at 7:30:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now Locked DOI- 0.1490/665877402.647tpl Mutual stress flow theorem of electromagnetic field and extension of Newton's third law Shrzhao Zhao Theoretical Physics Letters 2022 ° 01(01) ° 5987-6905 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: 10.1490/665877402.647tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract The author once developed Poynting theorem into the mutual energy theorem and mutual energy flow theorem. The author thought that the energy transferred by Poynting's theorem belongs to the self energy flow, but the self energy flow does not participate in the radiation, because the self energy flow finally returns to the radiation source through a time reversal wave. The author thought that the real energy transfer is done through the mutual energy flow. The mutual energy flow is the energy flow produced by the interaction between radiation source (light source) and absorption sink (light sink). Therefore, the author put forward the mutual energy theorem and the mutual energy flow theorem. The mutual energy flow theorem is an upgrade of Poynting's energy flow theorem. The author also updates the axioms in Maxwell's electromagnetic theory. The new axioms are the principle of mutual energy, the law of conservation of energy and the principle of self energy. These three new axioms are the upgrade of Maxwell's equations in electromagnetic field theory. When it comes to interaction, it includes not only energy and energy flow, but also momentum and stress. In this paper, the idea of mutual energy is developed from mutual energy flow to momentum related quantities, such as mutual momentum and mutual stress flow. There is the conservation law of momentum in electromagnetic field theory, including Maxwell stress tensor. The author further develops the law of conservation of mutual momentum, the law of conservation of impulse and the theorem of mutual stress flow. Newton's third law is the law of action and reaction at close range. The result of this paper has extended Newton's third law to the place of action-at-a-distance. Introduction In 1987, the author put forward the mutual energy theorem [1]. In 1989, the author published two subsequent papers on the mutual energy theorem [2,3]. Thirty years later, the author noticed that Wheeler Feynman's absorber theory [4,5], John Cramer's transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics [6,7]. The absorber theory is based on the principle of action-at-a-distance [8,9,10]. The absorber theory tried to tell us any current can radiates both retarded and advanced wave. The transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics told us that the emitter can radiate the retarded wave, the absorber can radiate the advanced wave. About the advanced wave, there good reference [11]. In addition, the author also noticed the reciprocity theorem of Welch and Rumsey, de Hoop [12,13,14]. These three reciprocity theorems are very close to the mutual energy theorem proposed by the author in mathematical formula. The main difference is the physical meaning. The mutual energy theorem requires that the two electromagnetic fields participating in the theorem are real physical quantities. The two quantities in the reciprocity theorem only need one to be physical and the other can be virtual. The function of reciprocity theorem is to simplify the calculation of electromagnetic field, it is similar to the Green function. For example, calculates the antenna directivity pattern. It can be applied to prove that the directivity pattern of receiving antenna is equal to that of transmitting antenna. For a microwave device with two ports, if port 1 is the input and port 2 is the output, there is an energy transfer ratio between the two ports. If port 1 and port 2 are swapped, the property that the transfer ratio does not change can be proved by the reciprocity theorem. The function of the mutual energy theorem is to discuss the transmission of energy and the conservation of energy. For a two-port device. The energy prepared for port 2 by the port 1 is equal to the energy obtained from port 2. For example, for an ideal transformer, the input energy of primary coil is equal to the output energy of the secondary coil. For a pair of transmitting and receiving antennas, the energy absorbed by the receiving antennas from the transmitting antennas is equal to the energy provided by the transmit antennas to the receiving antennas. In the mutual energy principle, not only the emitter, the transmitting antenna radiates the electromagnetic waves, but also the absorber and the receiving antenna. The emitter and the transmitting antenna are the light source, which produce the retarded wave radiation. The absorber and the receiving antenna are light sinks which generate advanced wave radiation. Therefore, the mutual energy theory admits that the advanced wave is objective and true. Based on the knowledge of the above from three aspects: 1) absorber theory, 2) mutual energy theorem of the author, 3) Welch / Rumsey /de Hoop reciprocity theorem, the author updates Maxwell's electromagnetic field theory. The electromagnetic field theory based on mutual energy is proposed. This theory includes three new axioms: the principle of mutual energy, the law of conservation of energy and the principle of self energy [15,16,17,18]. The principle of mutual energy replaces Maxwell equations. However, this substitution is not a simple one, but requires Maxwell equations to appear in pairs. In a pair groups of Maxwell's equations, one group corresponds to the light source and the other to the light sink. The light source can be the primary coil of transformer, transmitting antenna and the emitter. The light sink can be the secondary coil of the transformer, the receiving antenna, and the absorber. The author thinks that the light source emits retarded wave and the light sink emits advance wave. Both retarded wave and advanced wave satisfy Maxwell's equations. When the retarded wave and the advanced wave are synchronized, the two waves are superimposed to produce interaction, that is, the mutual energy flow. The mutual energy flow satisfies the mutual energy flow theorem. The mutual energy flow theorem is an enhanced version of the mutual energy theorem. The mutual energy theorem tells us that the energy radiated by the radiant point is equal to the energy absorbed by the absorbing point. The mutual energy flow theorem tells us that that energy is transferred through the mutual energy flow. The principle of self energy tells us that in addition to the retarded wave and the advanced wave there are the time reversal waves too. The time reversal waves make the wave collapse reversely. Quantum mechanics has the theory of wave collapse. Wave collapse can be realized by the combination of wave reverse collapse and a mutual energy flow process. The retarded wave and advance wave can form the mutual energy flow, but there is residual energy in space after the formation of mutual energy flow, which is also cleaned up by the time reversal wave. The remaining energy in space will eventually collapse backward to the point of the wave started. The theory of mutual energy flow is based on the study of Poynting energy theorem. Poynting energy theorem corresponds to the self energy flow of waves. So, our theory develops from self energy flow to mutual energy flow. The same idea can be applied to momentum. Corresponding to momentum, electromagnetic field has momentum conservation law. The law of conservation of momentum involves Maxwell's electromagnetic stress. Similarly, these can be regarded as the so-called law of conservation of momentum. The purpose of this paper is to deduce the corresponding law of mutual momentum and the law of mutual stress flow. Our idea to derive the law of mutual momentum and stress are consistent with the author's previous development from Poynting theorem (self-energy flow theorem) to the mutual energy flow theorem. Conclusion The traditional law of conservation of momentum of electromagnetic field describes the relationship between the momentum and stress of electromagnetic wave radiated by the light source. This paper puts forward the concept of mutual momentum and the law of conservation of mutual momentum. Two objects are considered. The force of an object on itself is zero. There is only interaction between objects. Two objects can be interacted. Two objects, one is the light source, the other is the light sink. The light source emits a retarded wave. What the light sink emits is an advanced wave. There is a mutual energy flow between the light source and the light sink. In addition, it is found that there is a mutual stress flow between the light source and the light sink. The mutual stress flow is responsible for the transfer of forces. The force is transferred from the light source to the light sink through the mutual stress flow. In this paper, the theorem of mutual stress flow is derived. The theorem of mutual stress flow is similar to the theorem of mutual energy flow, and the method of proof is also the same. The amount of mutual momentum in this paper is actually the momentum of a photon. So this paper is a deep description of photon momentum. The concept of mutual stress flow is a generalization of Newton's third law. Newton's third law is the relationship between action and reaction when there is no distance between two objects. The mutual stress flow theorem in this paper gives the relationship between the forces of two objects with distance between the light source and the light sink. The relationship between the forces shows that the forces are transferred through the mutual stress flow. The effect of light source on light sink is retarded. The effect of light sink on light source is advanced. Because of this retarded and advanced action and reaction, Newton's third law (the force and reaction force are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction) becomes the law of conservation of mutual impulse. In a word, this paper deduces the conservation law of mutual momentum. Newton's third law is generalized. The law of conservation of impulse between objects is derived. The law of mutual stress flow is derived. This article draws the conclusion that all macroscopic waves, such as water waves and sound waves, has a conclusion of the retarded wave and the advanced wave. According to the principle of mutual energy and self-energy, all particles, including photons, electrons, etc., are transmitted through mutual energy flow. The force is transmitted by the mutual stress flow. We can say that all particles are mutual energy flow/mutual stress flow. The mutual energy flow/mutual stress flow is composed of the retarded wave from the source (emitter) and the advanced wave from the sink (absorber). The retarded wave transmits the action force. The advanced wave transmits the reaction force. Since a macroscopic object is just multiple particles, its reaction force should be similar to that of a single particle. Therefore, the action should be transmitted in the form of a retarded wave, and the reaction should be transmitted in the form of an advanced wave. This article examines Newton’s third law and finds that on every surface of an object, the value of the action and the reaction are the same and the directions are opposite. If the speed of the action and reaction is not infinite, the action must be transmitted in the form of a retarded wave, and the reaction must be advanced waves. TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow References [1] Shuang ren Zhao. The application of mutual energy theorem in expansion of radiation fields in spherical waves. ACTA Electronica Sinica, P.R. of China, 15(3):88_93, 1987. [2] Shuangren Zhao. The application of mutual energy formula in expansion of plane waves. Journal of Electronics, P. R. China, 11(2):204_208, March 1989. [3] Shuangren Zhao. The simplification of formulas of electromagnetic fields by using mutual energy formula. Journal of Electronics, P.R. of China, 11(1):73_77, January 1989. [4] Wheeler, J. A.; Feynman, R. P. (April 1945). "Interaction with the Absorber as the Mechanism of Radiation" (PDF). Reviews of Modern Physics. 17 (2–3): 157–181. Bibcode:1945RvMP...17..157W. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.17.157. https://authors.library.caltech.edu/11095/1/WHErmp45.pdf [5] Wheeler, J. A.; Feynman, R. P. (July 1949). "Classical Electrodynamics in Terms of Direct Interparticle Action". Reviews of Modern Physics. 21 (3): 425–433. Bibcode:1949RvMP...21..425W. doi:10.1103/RevModPhys.21.425. [6] John Cramer. The transactional interpretation of quantum mechanics. Reviews of Modern Physics, 58:647_688, 1986. [7] John Cramer. An overview of the transactional interpretation. International Journal of Theoretical Physics, 27:227, 1988. [8] K. Schwarzschild. Nachr. ges. Wiss. Gottingen, pages 128,132, 1903. [9] H. Tetrode. Zeitschrift fuer Physik, 10:137, 1922. [10] A. D. Fokker. Zeitschrift fuer Physik, 58:386, 1929. [11] Lawrence M. Stephenson. The relevance of advanced potential solutions of Maxwell's equations for special and general relativity. Physics Essays, 13(1), 2000. [12] W. J. Welch. Reciprocity theorems for electromagnetic fields whose time dependence is arbitrary. IRE trans. On Antennas and Propagation, 8(1):68_73, January 1960. [13] V.H. Rumsey. A short way of solving advanced problems in electromagnetic fields and other linear systems. IEEE Transactions on antennas and Propagation, 11(1):73-86, January 1963 [14] Adrianus T. de Hoop. Time-domain reciprocity theorems for electromagnetic fields in dispersive media. Radio Science, 22(7):1171_1178, December 1987. [15] Shuang ren Zhao. A new interpretation of quantum physics: Mutual energy flow interpretation. American Journal of Modern Physics and Application, 4(3):12_23, 2017. [16] Shuang-ren Zhao, Photon Can Be Described as the Normalized Mutual Energy Flow. Journal of Modern Physics Vol.11 No.5, May 2020. DOI: 10.4236/jmp.2020.115043 [17] Shuang-ren Zhao, A solution for wave-particle duality using the mutual energy principle corresponding to Schrödinger equation, physics tomorrow letter (Theoretical Physics Letters), 2020 01(07) 08-02. https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters , DOI: 10.1490/ptl.dxdoi.com/08-02tpl-sci [18] Shuang-ren Zhao, Huygens principle based on mutual energy flow theorem and the comparison to the path integral, physics tomorrow letter(Theoretical Physics Letters), 2021, 04(01) 09-06, https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters , DOI: 10.1490/ptl.dxdoi.com/09-06-tpl-sci. [19] J. H. Poynting, "On the Transfer of Energy in the Electromagnetic Field" Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT PTL PREMIUM Tphysicsletters/6980/1296/Dirac-Majorana neutrino type conversion induced by an oscillating scalar dark matter Citation (0) Monday, May 29, 2023 at 6:30:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now DOI: 10.1490/369960.783tpl Dirac-Majorana neutrino type conversion induced by an oscillating scalar dark matter YeolLin ChoeJo,1 Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 13(05) ° 0697-1296 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: 10.1490/369960.783tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Some properties of a neutrino may differ significantly depending on whether it is Dirac or Majorana type. The type is determined by the relative size of Dirac and Majorana masses, which may vary if they arise from an oscillating scalar dark matter. We show that the change can be significant enough to convert the neutrino type between Dirac and Majorana while satisfying constraints on the dark matter. It predicts periodic modulations in the event rates in various neutrino phenomena. As the energy density and, thus, the oscillation amplitude of the dark matter evolves in the cosmic time scale, the relative size of Dirac and Majorana masses changes accordingly. It provides an interesting link between the present-time neutrino physics to the early universe cosmology including the leptogenesis. One of the unrevealed properties of the neutrinos is whether they are Dirac type or Majorana type. Some important physics occur only for the Majorana type; the leptogenesis that can explain the baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU) and the seesaw mechanism that can explain the smallness of the neutrino masses. Experiments such as neutrinoless double beta decay can expect signals only for the Majorana neutrinos. The true nature of the neutrinos may not be simple enough to identify them as either Dirac or Majorana type, though. It is especially so in view that the properties of dark matter, which is another mystery in particle physics, are also unrevealed. It is quite possible that neutrino and dark matter are tightly linked, affecting each other. Especially, the Majorana neutrino requires a Majorana mass, which might originate from dark matter. In this letter, we propose a new scenario in which the dark matter may convert the type of neutrinos, adopting a slowly oscillating scalar dark matter whose value serves as the Majorana mass. We show the oscillation can be large enough to change it back and forth between the Dirac and Majorana types while satisfying all the constraints for dark matter. Interestingly, the scenario provides distinct phenomenology both in the present-time neutrino phenomenology and early universe physics. Coupling an oscillating scalar field to vary the particle mass is not new, including the neutrino masses [1–7]. Previous works on neutrinos with varying Majorana mass via ultra-light dark matter considered the effects of small modulations only either within the quasi-Dirac type [8] or within the Majorana type [9] on neutrino flavor oscillation experiments or cosmological observables. Our study differs from the existing works in that it is the first proposal of alternating the neutrino type between the Dirac and Majorana. Our study shows that if the Majorana mass mR is given by the coupling of the right-handed neutrinos with an oscillating scalar dark matter, then mR inherits the oscillatory nature of the dark matter, possibly resulting in periodic Dirac-Majorana neutrino-type conversion. Since the amplitude of the dark matter decreases over time, the Majorana masses in this scenario were significantly larger in the early universe, and they reduced to the current values as the universe expanded. As the energy density or the oscillation amplitude of the oscillating dark matter evolves in the cosmic time scale, the ratio of the Majorana and Dirac masses (mR/mD) changes accordingly, resulting in unique signatures. Rich physics and cosmology are warranted. TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow [1] K. Van Tilburg, N. Leefer, L. Bougas, and D. Budker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 011802 (2015), arXiv:1503.06886 [physics.atom-ph]. [2] A. Berlin, Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 231801 (2016), arXiv:1608.01307 [hep-ph]. [3] G. Krnjaic, P. A. N. Machado, and L. Necib, Phys. Rev. D 97, 075017 (2018), arXiv:1705.06740 [hep-ph]. [4] A. Arvanitaki, P. W. Graham, J. M. Hogan, S. Rajendran, and K. Van Tilburg, Phys. Rev. D 97, 075020 (2018), arXiv:1606.04541 [hep-ph]. [5] J. Berger and A. Bhoonah, (2022), arXiv:2206.06364 [hep-ph]. [6] J. Guo, Y. He, J. Liu, X.-P. Wang, and K.-P. Xie, (2022), arXiv:2206.14221 [hep-ph]. [7] T. Gherghetta and A. Shkerin, (2023), arXiv:2305.06441 [hep-ph]. [8] A. Dev, G. Krnjaic, P. Machado, and H. Ramani, Phys. Rev. D 107, 035006 (2023), arXiv:2205.06821 [hep-ph]. [9] G.-y. Huang and N. Nath, JCAP 05, 034 (2022), arXiv:2111.08732 [hep-ph]. [10] J. W. F. Valle, Phys. Rev. D 27, 1672 (1983). [11] E. K. Akhmedov, in ICTP Summer School in Particle Physics (1999) pp. 103–164, arXiv:hep-ph/0001264. [12] A. de Gouvea, W.-C. Huang, and J. Jenkins, Phys. Rev. D 80, 073007 (2009), arXiv:0906.1611 [hep-ph]. [13] G. Anamiati, V. De Romeri, M. Hirsch, C. A. Ternes, and M. T´ortola, Phys. Rev. D 100, 035032 (2019), arXiv:1907.00980 [hep-ph]. [14] P. Minkowski, Phys. Lett. B 67, 421 (1977). [15] M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond, and R. Slansky, Conf. Proc. C 790927, 315 (1979), arXiv:1306.4669 [hep-th]. [16] R. N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanovic, Phys. Rev. Lett.44, 912 (1980). [17] T. Yanagida, Prog. Theor. Phys. 64, 1103 (1980). [18] L. Hui, Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 59, 247 (2021), arXiv:2101.11735 [ astro-ph.CO ]. [19] P. A. Zyla et al. (Particle Data Group), PTEP 2020, 083C01 (2020). [20] B. Pontecorvo, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz. 34, 247 (1957). [21] Z. Maki, M. Nakagawa, and S. Sakata, Prog. Theor. Phys. 28, 870 (1962). [22] A. Gando et al. (KamLAND-Zen), Phys. Rev. Lett. 117,082503 (2016), [Addendum: Phys.Rev.Lett. 117, 109903 (2016)], arXiv:1605.02889 [hep-ex]. [23] G.-y. Huang, W. Rodejohann, and S. Zhou, Phys. Rev. D 101, 016003 (2020), arXiv:1910.08332 [hep-ph]. [24] N. Aghanim et al. (Planck), Astron. Astrophys. 641, A6 (2020), [Erratum: Astron.Astrophys. 652, C4 (2021)], arXiv:1807.06209 [ astro-ph.CO ]. [25] I. J. Arnquist et al. (Majorana), Phys. Rev. Lett. 130, 062501 (2023), arXiv:2207.07638 [nucl-ex]. [26] J. Schechter and J. W. F. Valle, Phys. Rev. D 25, 2951 (1982). [27] M. Doi, T. Kotani, and E. Takasugi, Prog. Theor. Phys. Suppl. 83, 1 (1985). [28] W. Rodejohann, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 20, 1833 (2011), arXiv:1106.1334 [hep-ph]. [29] A. Faessler, M. Gonz´alez, S. Kovalenko, and F. Simkovic, Phys. Rev. D 90, 096010 (2014), arXiv:1408.6077 [hepph]. [30] P. D. Bolton, F. F. Deppisch, and P. S. Bhupal Dev, JHEP 03, 170 (2020), arXiv:1912.03058 [hep-ph]. [31] W. Dekens, J. de Vries, E. Mereghetti, J. Men´endez, P. Soriano, and G. Zhou, (2023), arXiv:2303.04168 [hepph]. [32] S. Davidson, E. Nardi, and Y. Nir, Phys. Rept. 466, 105 (2008), arXiv:0802.2962 [hep-ph]. [33] S. Davidson and A. Ibarra, Phys. Lett. B 535, 25 (2002), arXiv:hep-ph/0202239. [34] A. Pilaftsis, Phys. Rev. D 56, 5431 (1997), arXiv:hepph/9707235. [35] A. Pilaftsis and T. E. J. Underwood, Nucl. Phys. B 692, 303 (2004), arXiv:hep-ph/0309342. [36] P. S. Bhupal Dev, P. Millington, A. Pilaftsis, and D. Teresi, Nucl. Phys. B 886, 569 (2014), arXiv:1404.1003 [hep-ph]. Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6879/10/1490/784031tpl/Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of full-shape BOSS and eBOSS data Citation (11) Monday, September 11, 2023 at 6:45:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 10 Astronomical Experimental Physics Article Rating by Readers 9.6 Premium doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/784031tpl Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of full-shape BOSS and eBOSS data Emil Brinch Holm,1 Laura Herold,2 Th´eo Simon,3 Elisa G. M. Ferreira,4, 5 Steen Hannestad,1 Vivian Poulin,3 and Thomas Tram1 1Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark 2Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Astrophysik, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1, 85748 Garching, Germany 3Laboratoire Univers & Particules de Montpellier (LUPM), CNRS & Universit´e de Montpellier (UMR-5299), Place Eug`ene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France 4Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), UTIAS, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8583, Japan 5 Instituto de F´ısica, Universidade de S˜ao Paulo - C.P. 66318, CEP: 05315-970, S˜ao Paulo, Brazil Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 11(09) ° 0631-7846 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: https://www.doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/784031tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion We thank Pierre Zhang for his comments and insights throughout the project, and Eiichiro Komatsu and Luisa Lucie-Smith for helpful discussions. EBH and LH would like to thank the Laboratoire Univers & Particules de Montpellier for their hospitality, where part of this work was conducted. We acknowledge computing resources from the Centre for Scientific Computing Aarhus (CSCAA). These results have also been made possible thanks to LUPM’s cloud computing infrastructure founded by Ocevu labex, and France-Grilles. E.B.H. and T.T. were supported by a research grant (29337) from VILLUM FONDEN. This project has received support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skodowska-Curie grant agreement No 860881-HIDDeN. This project has also received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s HORIZON-ERC2022 (Grant agreement No. 101076865). Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract Previous studies based on Bayesian methods have shown that the constraints on cosmological parameters from the Baryonic Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) full-shape data using the Effective Field Theory of Large Scale Structure (EFTofLSS) depend on the choice of prior on the EFT nuisance parameters. In this work, we explore this prior dependence by adopting a frequentist approach based on the profile likelihood method, which is inherently independent of priors, considering data from BOSS, eBOSS and Planck. We find that the priors on the EFT parameters in the Bayesian inference are informative and that prior volume effects are important. This is reflected in shifts of the posterior mean compared to the maximum likelihood estimate by up to 1.0 σ (1.6 σ) and in a widening of intervals informed from frequentist compared to Bayesian intervals by factors of up to 1.9 (1.6) for BOSS (eBOSS) in the baseline configuration, while the constraints from Planck are unchanged. Our frequentist confidence intervals give no indication of a tension between BOSS/eBOSS and Planck. However, we find that the profile likelihood prefers extreme values of the EFT parameters, highlighting the importance of combining Bayesian and frequentist approaches for a fully nuanced cosmological inference. We show that the improved statistical power of future data will reconcile the constraints from frequentist and Bayesian inference using the EFTofLSS. Introduction In the last decades, the increasing precision of measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature fluctuations has reduced the experimental uncertainties to such an extent, that they are now dominated by cosmic variance [1]. This places an unavoidable limit on the amount of information extractable from the CMB and, therefore, additional cosmological probes are emerging, predominantly from large-scale structure (LSS) measurements. The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic survey (BOSS) of the Sloan Digital Sky survey [2] is an example of a modern LSS probe, which will soon be joined by ambitious missions such as the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI, [3]), the Vera Rubin Observatory [4] and the Euclid space telescope [5], providing exciting new information about the LSS of the Universe. As the accuracy of the surveys increases, so does the demand for accurate theoretical model predictions. In particular, efficient computations of the statistics of inhomogeneities at small scales are crucial for drawing robust conclusions based on the upcoming data. N-body calculations, while giving accurate predictions, suffer from high demand for computational resources which usually make them unfeasible for full cosmological parameter inferences (although recent approaches based on machine learning may remedy this [6–8]). Instead, by compromising accuracy at the smallest scales, semi-analytic approaches based on perturbation theory (see e.g. [9, 10], and references therein) may provide a computationally efficient alternative to N-body simulations. The recently developed effective field theory of large-scale structure (EFTofLSS) employs an effective field theory approach to predict the biased power spectrum up to mildly nonlinear scales [11–15]. The one-loop prediction of the EFTofLSS has allowed the determination of the ΛCDM parameters from the full-shape analysis of BOSS and eBOSS data at a precision higher than that from conventional baryon acoustic oscillation (BAO) and redshiftspace distortion (RSD) analyses, and for some parameters even comparable to that of CMB experiments (see e.g., Refs. [16–27]). Furthermore, the EFTofLSS may provide competitive and interesting constraints on models beyond ΛCDM (see e.g., Refs. [28–37]). Read more related articles X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Buy Now SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Buy Now Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Buy Now Conclusion Motivated by previous Bayesian studies that found a prior dependence of the inferred cosmological parameters from BOSS full-shape data using the EFTofLSS [25, 34, 41], in this work, we present frequentist profile likelihood constraints to view this matter from a different statistical point of view. In particular, two of the commonly used parametrizations of the EFTofLSS, the WC [19] and EC parametrizations [78], give different constraints on the cosmological parameters of up to ∼ 1 σ in a Bayesian analysis [25]. Using the profile likelihood, we find that the WC and EC parametrizations yield the same confidence interval for σ8, confirming that the two parametrizations are mathematically equivalent, i.e., they describe the same space of model predictions for the galaxy power spectrum multipoles (see Fig. 1 in Sec. IV A).9 However, we find that the profile likelihood gives constraints on σ8 that are factors of > 2 wider than the constraints based on the MCMC posterior. Moreover, we observed that several of the EFT parameters take on extreme values during the profile likelihood analysis, indicating that the frequentist analysis takes into account parts of the EFT parameter space beyond the intended use of the theory, in which the perturbative nature might be broken. This issue is addressed in the Bayesian case by imposing narrow Gaussian priors on the EFT parameters. If these priors were well founded, e.g., motivated from theory, simulations, or other observations, the priors could in principle be promoted to data likelihoods in the frequentist analysis. Although the priors on the EFT parameters are not rigorously motivated, we explore the effect of including Gaussian data likelihoods in the frequentist analysis, which correspond to the priors in the Bayesian analysis. We find that the inclusion of the Gaussian likelihoods on the EFT parameters reduces the width of the constraints almost to the level of the ones inferred from the MCMC posterior and keeps the EFT parameters in the intended range (see Fig. 2 in Sec. IV B). However, it also leads to a shift of the confidence interval of σ8. This demonstrates that the priors on the EFT parameters in the Bayesian analysis are informative and influence the inferred cosmological parameters. As a way forward, we explore the impact that data from future surveys like DESI [3] will have by considering BOSS+BAO data with a data covariance matrix rescaled by 16 (see Fig. 3 in Sec. IV C). We find that the constraints from Bayesian and frequentist approaches converge to the same interval for σ8 as the likelihood dominates over the prior information, suggesting that the issues discussed above will subside with more data. Finally, we construct frequentist confidence intervals for five selected ΛCDM parameters, σ8, h, Ωm, ns, ln 1010As, and compare the constraints from different data sets, including BOSS, eBOSS and Planck (see Sec. V). With the profile likelihood, we find that the constraints from BOSS and Planck for all five parameters are within 1.4 σ, finding no indication of a tension. In particular, while the MCMC posterior prefers intervals for σ8, which are 1.4 σ (2.5 σ) lower than the Planck value for the WC (EC) EFT parametrization, the intervals from the profile likelihood are only 0.5 σ (0.3 σ) lower than the Planck constraint. The reduction of the σ-distances can be mainly attributed to the wide confidence intervals from the profile likelihood, but in the case of σ8, also to shifts of the MLE closer to the Planck value than the posterior mean. In line with previous studies [24, 25], we find that the parameter σ8 is most subject to prior effects. This indicates that the slight “σ8 discrepancy” seen in the Bayesian results using the EC parametrization is due to the particular choice of priors. On the other hand, although our main profile likelihood analysis makes use of the WC baseline parametrization of the EFTofLSS without priors, we do not expect major changes in our conclusions regarding the state of the σ8 tension from resorting to the use of “priors” or a different parametrization. Our results clearly show the advantages and disadvantages of frequentist and Bayesian parameter inference. Since the frequentist inference does not include priors that confine the EFT parameters to the regime intended by the theory, we observe that the data prefers several EFT parameters to take on extreme values, possibly breaking the perturbativeness of the theory. The lack of prior further leads to significantly wider confidence intervals. This loss of constraining power reflects the purely data driven frequentist approach, which is completely agnostic about which model parameters are deemed more likely a priori. On the other hand, the priors in the Bayesian inference are informative and have an impact on the inferred cosmological parameters. This is important since it is not straightforward to define well motivated priors on the EFT parameters, which is reflected in the fact that the WC and EC parametrizations use different standard configurations for the EFT priors. Looking towards the future, which will bring more constraining data sets, we can expect these points of discussion to subside as the data will dominate over any subjective preference introduced by the analysis setup. While waiting for better data, our results indicate that the use of frequentist along with Bayesian methods are valuable in order to obtain a fully nuanced view of the data. 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