Micro and Nano Physics HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT mnpl/3659/69800/2023/Room-temperature quantum emission from interface excitons in mixed-dimensional heterostructures Heading 4 Sat Aug 05 2023 06:30:00 GMT+0000 (Coordinated Universal Time) Make this article Open Accessed Apply Now Publisher Rating 9 Micro & Nano Physics J. Readers Rating 9 Citation (3) DOI- https://www.doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/698775mnpl Room-temperature quantum emission from interface excitons in mixed-dimensional heterostructures N. Fang,1, ∗ Y. R. Chang,1 S. Fujii,2, 3 D. Yamashita,2, 4 M. Maruyama,5 Y. Gao,5 C. F. Fong,1 D. Kozawa,1, 2, 6 K. Otsuka,1, 7 K. Nagashio,8 S. Okada,5 and Y. K. Kato1, 2, † 1Nanoscale Quantum Photonics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 2Quantum Optoelectronics Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, Saitama 351-0198, Japan 3Department of Physics, Keio University, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan 4Platform Photonics Research Center, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan 5Department of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8571, Japan 6Research Center for Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan 7Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan 8Department of Materials Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan Micro & Nano Physics J. DOI- https://www.doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/698775mnpl ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Parts of this study are supported by JSPS (KAKENHI JP22K14624, JP22K14625, JP21K14484, JP22F22350, JP22K14623, JP22H01893, JP21H05233, JP23H00262, JP20H02558) and MEXT (ARIM JPMXP1222UT1135). Y.R.C. is supported by JSPS (International Research Fellow). N.F. and C.F.F. are supported by RIKEN Special Postdoctoral Researcher Program. We thank the Advanced Manufacturing Support Team at RIKEN for technical assistance. Keyword Highlighted quantum emission, Room-temperature, van der Waals (vdW) materials, carbon nanotubes, silicon carbide Unlock Only Read-only this publication This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Buy Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Unlock us Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Load More Abstract The development of van der Waals heterostructures has introduced unconventional phenomena that emerge at atomically precise interfaces. For example, interlayer excitons in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides show intriguing optical properties at low temperatures. Here we report on room-temperature observation of interface excitons in mixed-dimensional heterostructures consisting of two-dimensional tungsten diselenide and one-dimensional carbon nanotubes. Bright emission peaks originating from the interface are identified, spanning a broad energy range within the telecommunication wavelengths. The effect of band alignment is investigated by systematically varying the nanotube bandgap, and we assign the new peaks to interface excitons as they only appear in type-II heterostructures. Room-temperature localization of low-energy interface excitons is indicated by extended lifetimes as well as small excitation saturation powers, and photon correlation measurements confirm single-photon emission. With mixed-dimensional van der Waals heterostructures where band alignment can be engineered, new opportunities for quantum photonics are envisioned. Introduction The discovery of van der Waals (vdW) materials, including two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) and graphene, has brought about a revolution in the assembly of artificial heterostructures by allowing for the combination of two different materials without the constraints of lattice matching. Such an unprecedented level of flexibility in heterostructure design has led to the emergence of novel properties not seen in individual materials. A prime example is twisted bilayer graphene at magic angles, which exhibits exotic phases such as correlated insulating states [1] and superconductivity [2]. Another notable development is the stacking of two TMDs, resulting in the observation of unique excitons known as interlayer excitons, characterized by electrons and holes located in separate layers [3–6]. The spatially indirect nature of interlayer excitons imparts them with distinct properties, including long exciton lifetimes [3], extended diffusion lengths [7], large valley polarization [8], and significant modulation by moir´e potentials [9, 10]. The existing vdW heterostructures comprise of 2D materials with similar lattice structure, excitonic characteristics, and inherently identical dimensions. Development of vdW heterostructures that encompass lower dimen- sional materials may give rise to unique interface exciton states resulting from the mixed dimensionality. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs), a typical one-dimensional (1D) material, are ideal for such heterostructures as they have all bonds confined to the tube itself [11, 12]. CNTs interact with 2D materials through weak vdW forces, resulting in well-defined, atomically sharp interfaces [13, 14]. The chirality-dependent bandgap of CNTs can be utilized to tune the band alignment [15], allowing for unambiguous identification of excitonic states at the 1D-2D interface. Conclusion Air-suspended carbon nanotubes. We prepare airsuspended CNTs using trenched SiO2/Si substrates [11]. First, we pattern alignment markers and trenches with lengths of 900 µm and widths ranging from 0.5 to 3.0 µm onto the Si substrates using electron-beam lithography, followed by dry etching. We then thermally oxidize the substrate to form a SiO2 film, with a thickness ranging from 60 to 70 nm. Another electron-beam lithography process is used to define catalyst regions along the edges of the trenches. A 1.5 ˚A thick iron (Fe) film is deposited as a catalyst for CNT growth using an electron beam evaporator. CNTs are synthesized by alcohol chemical vapor deposition at 800◦C for 1 minute. The Fe film thickness is optimized to control the yield for preparing isolated CNTs. We select isolated, fully suspended chirality-identified CNTs with lengths ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 µm to form the heterostructures with WSe2. Anthracene crystal growth. For transferring WSe2 flakes onto CNTs, we grow anthracene crystals through an in-air sublimation process [17, 18]. Anthracene powder is heated to 80◦C on a glass slide, while another glass slide is placed 1 mm above the anthracene source. Thin and large-area single crystals are then grown on the glass surface. To promote the growth of large-area single crystals, we pattern the glass slides using ink from commercial markers. The typical growth time for anthracene crystals is 10 hours. Transfer of WSe2 by anthracene crystals. First, WSe2 (HQ graphene) flakes are prepared on 90-nm-thick SiO2/Si substrates using mechanical exfoliation, and the layer number is determined by optical contrast. An anthracene single crystal is picked up with a glasssupported PDMS sheet to form an anthracene/PDMS stamp. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT PTL OPEN Citation (0) moshe_segal@yahoo.com Sunday, May 23, 2021 at 2:00:00 PM UTC Request Open Apply Now DOI - 10.1490/100235.100ptl A New Theory Expands Einstein's General Relativity Theory to Include Both Electric Charge and Mass Entities Moshe Segal ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters ! 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Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6879/10/1490/587850tpl/Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Citation (43) Sunday, September 3, 2023 at 11:00:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 9 Astrophysics Experimental Article Rating by Readers 10 doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/588796tpl Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Olag Pratim Bordoloi,1★ Yuri A. Shchekinov,2 † P. Shalima,3‡ M. Safonova4 § and Rupjyoti Gogoi1 ¶ 1Tezpur University, Napaam, Assam, India, 784028 2Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru, India, 560080 3Manipal Centre for Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India, 576104 4 Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bengaluru, India, 560034 Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 03(09) ° 0631-66982 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: https://www.doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/588796tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion OPB and RG are thankful to Science & Engineering Research Board (SERB), Department of Science & Technology (DST), Government of India for financial support (EMR/2017/003092). OPB acknowledges the help received during this work from his colleagues Anshuman Borgohain and Hritwik Bora. SP acknowledges Manipal Centre for Natural Sciences, Centre of Excellence, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE) for facilities and support. MS acknowledges the financial support by the DST, Government of India, under the Women Scientist Scheme (PH) project reference number SR/WOS-A/PM-17/2019. YS acknowledges the hospitality of the Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru, India. Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract Holmberg II – a dwarf galaxy in the nearby M81 group – is a very informative source of distribution of gas and dust in the interstellar discs. High-resolution observations in the infrared (IR) allows us to distinguish isolated star-forming regions, photodissociation (PDR) and HII regions, remnants of supernovae (SNe) explosions and, as such, can provide information about more relevant physical processes. In this paper we analyse dust emission in the wavelength range 4.5 to 160 𝜇m using the data from IR space observatories at 27 different locations across the galaxy. We observe that the derived spectra can be represented by multiple dust populations with different temperatures, which are found to be independent of their locations in the galaxy. By comparing the dust temperatures with the far ultraviolet (FUV) intensities observed by the UVIT instrument onboard AstroSat, we find that for locations showing a 100 𝜇m peak, the temperature of cold (20 to 30 K) dust grains show a dependence on the FUV intensities, while such a dependence is not observed for the other locations. We believe that the approach described here can be a good tool in revealing different dust populations in other nearby galaxies with available high spatial resolution data. Introduction Dwarfs galaxies (DG) – galaxies with baryonic mass of 𝑀𝑏∼109𝑀⊙, are commonly thought to be the building blocks for the entire hierarchy of mass distribution in the Universe, being progressed during its evolution since post-recombination epochs through merging process (White & Rees 1978). Within this concept, DG in local Universe can serve as laboratories for understanding the details of physical processes regulating formation of the very first galaxies in early Universe (see review by Tolstoy et al. 2009, and more recent discussions in Henkel et al. (2022); Annibali & Tosi (2022)). Among the most important traits of DGs are their metal-poor interstellar medium (ISM) and, correspondingly, a low dust content (Henkel et al. 2022) – the features that are also commonly expected for early Universe galaxies. Observations of bright galaxies at 𝑧 > 10 conducted first by the Hubble Space Telescope (HST), and subsequently by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), have indeed indicated a deficient amount of dust in a set of high-𝑧 galaxies (see discussion in Finkelstein et al. 2022; Ferrara et al. 2023). In order for local DGs to indeed provide relevant information for understanding of their more distant congeners, the comparative analysis of their global emission characteristics, along with the respective properties on smaller scales, is of a high importance (relevant discussion can be found in Izotov et al. 2021; Henkel et al. 2022). A good example of a DG in local Universe is the Holmberg II (Ho II) galaxy belonging to the nearby M81 group at a distance of ≃ 3.4 Mpc. Its modest inclination angle (≈27◦ ; Sánchez-Salcedo et al. (2014)) makes Ho II a very informative source of distribution of gas and dust in the interstellar discs. Spitzer and Herschel space telescopes with the angular resolution of ∼ 2 ′′ − 5 ′′ can probe the Ho II interstellar disc with a high scrutiny. Scanning the interstellar medium (ISM) with such resolution can allow to distinguish isolated star forming regions (SFR), photodissociation (PDR) and HII regions, supernovae remnants, and can provide information about relevant physical processes. In this Letter we analyze spectra of dust emission in the range 𝜆𝜆 = 4.5, . . . 160 𝜇m from Spitzer and Herschel archival data, focusing on a few rather small-area locations. It allows us to distinguish IR emission which cannot be attributed to the isothermal dust, thus requiring existence of at least two populations of dust with different temperatures.Since the primary source of dust heating is the absorption of UV/optical photons by the dust grains, we have also utilised the highest available resolution (1.2 ′′ −1.6 ′′) FUV observations of Ho II galaxy obtained by the UVIT instrument of India’s AstroSat mission (Singh et al. 2014) as part of this study. The data correspond to 3 epochs in 2016, 2 epochs in 2019, and 3 epochs in 2020 (Vinokurov et al. 2022). These observations are crucial in understanding the UV radiation fields, responsible for modifying the dust populations and © their thermal IR emission profiles at these locations. READ MORE ARTICLES On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Buy Now Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Buy Now Conclusion We present for the first time analysis of IR dust emission in the galaxy Holmberg II to detect spatial variations of dust parameters on small physical scales of ∼ 82 pc (corresponding to a circular area of 5′′-radius) using high angular resolution data from Spitzer and Herschel. (ii) In several locations, connected to physically distinct regions, we found spectra that can represent several – up to five, dust populations with different temperatures. Spectral characteristics are not sensitive to the HI column density, except for the cold dust component with 𝑇𝑑 = 10 − 15 K which concentrates predominantly in HI deficient regions. Preliminary inspection shows that this cold dust population does not show a dependence on FUV intensity. (iii) Similarly, the cold dust in those regions with spectra peaking at 70 𝜇m has temperatures nearly in the same range as the HI voids with little dependence on FUV intensity. However, for those locations with the peak intensity at 100 𝜇m, the temperature of the cold dust component (𝑇𝑑 = 20 − 30 K) increases with FUV intensity. (iv) The estimated dust mass manifests signs of anti-correlation with its temperature, as formerly reported for dwarf star-forming galaxies by Izotov et al. (2014). TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow References Annibali F., Tosi M., 2022, Nature Astronomy, 6, 48 Banerjee A., Jog C. J., Brinks E., Bagetakos I., 2011, MNRAS, 415, 687 Bordoloi O. P., Shalima P., Safonova M., Shchekinov Y., Gogoi R., 2023, in preparation Compiègne M., Abergel A., Verstraete L., Habart E., 2008, A&A, 491, 797 Cortese L., et al., 2012, A&A, 540, A52 Draine B. T., 2011, Physics of the Interstellar and Intergalactic Medium Draine B. T., Lee H. M., 1984, ApJ, 285, 89 Draine B. T., Li A., 2007, ApJ, 657, 810 Drozdov S. A., 2021, Astrophysics, 64, 126 Drozdov S. A., Shchekinov Y. 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J., 1978, MNRAS, 183, 341 Zhou L., Shi Y., Diaz-Santos T., Armus L., Helou G., Stierwalt S., Li A., 2016, MNRAS, 458, 772 Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6879/10/1490/584587tpl/Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Citation (10) Sunday, September 10, 2023 at 12:45:00 PM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 10 Astrophysics Experimental Article Rating by Readers 9 Premium doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/584587tpl Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Afonso Avila ´ 1 ∗ Edoardo Giangrandi1,2 † Violetta Sagun1 ‡ Oleksii Ivanytskyi3 § and Constan¸ca Providˆencia 1¶ ---------------------------------------- 1CFisUC, Department of Physics, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga P-3004-516, Coimbra, Portugal 2 Institut f¨ur Physik und Astronomie, Universit¨at Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str.24-25, Potsdam, Germany and 3 Incubator of Scientific Excellence—Centre for Simulations of Superdense Fluids, University of Wroc law, 50-204, Wroclaw, Poland Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 10(09) ° 0631-9870 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: https://www.doi.wikipt.org/10/1490/584587tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgement The work is supported by the FCT – Funda¸c˜ao para a Ciˆencia e a Tecnologia, within the project No. EXPL/FIS-AST/0735/2021. A.A., E.G., V.S., and ´ C.P. acknowledge the support from FCT within the projects No. UIDB/04564/2020, UIDP/04564/2020. E.G. also acknowledges the support from Project No. PRT/BD/152267/2021. C.P. is supported by project No. PTDC/FIS-AST/28920/2017. The work of O.I. was supported by the program Excellence Initiative–Research University of the University of Wroc law of the Ministry of Education and Science. Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract We study the effect of asymmetric fermionic dark matter (DM) on the thermal evolution of neutron stars (NSs). No interaction between DM and baryonic matter is assumed, except the gravitational one. Using the two-fluid formalism, we show that DM accumulated in the core of a star pulls inwards the outer baryonic layers of the star, increasing the baryonic density in the NS core. As a result, it significantly affects the star’s thermal evolution by triggering an early onset of the dir ect Urca process and modifying the photon emission from the surface caused by the decrease of the radius. Thus, due to the gravitational pull of DM, the direct Urca process becomes kinematically allowed for stars with lower masses. Based on these results, we discuss the importance of NS observations at different distances from the Galactic center. Since the DM distribution peaks towards the Galactic center, NSs in this region are expected to contain higher DM fractions that could lead to a different cooling behavior. Introduction Extremely high gravitational field and compactness inside neutron stars (NSs) make them a perfect laboratory to study the strongly interacting matter, test General Relativity and physics beyond the Standard Model [1, 2]. Throughout the entire stellar evolution, NSs could accumulate a sizeable amount of dark matter (DM) in their interior, which will impact the matter distribution, masses, radii, etc. [3–7]. At the end of its evolution, a main sequence star of 8-20 M⊙ undergoes a supernova explosion, creating an NS [8]. The former is from the gravitational collapse of molecular cloud regions, which exceed the Jeans limit. The proto-cloud may already present traces of DM, facilitating the collapse and giving rise to newly born stars with a sizeable amount of DM [9]. Once the star is born, DM particles could be further accreted from a surrounding medium, leading to an even higher DM fraction inside the object [10, 11]. At the end of the stellar evolution, the star eventually reaches the iron-core stage, undergoing a core-collapse supernova explosion. During this incredibly energetic event, DM might be created and further accrued inside the remnant, i.e. an NS [12]. More exotic scenarios can also be taken into account, e.g. mergers of baryonic matter (BM) stars with boson stars, and accretion of DM clumps [13]. Once the DM is trapped in the gravitational field of an NS, it may lead to different configurations depending on the DM properties: a core or halo configuration. In the former scenario, DM forms a compact core in the inner regions of an NS. A stronger gravitational pull by the inner Conclusion In this study, we focus on the effects of asymmetric fermionic DM on the NS thermal evolution. Despite asymmetric DM that interacts with BM only gravitationally contributes neither to neutrino, and photon emission directly nor deposits energy to the system, it alters the thermal evolution of NSs indirectly. We demonstrate that an accumulated DM pulls inwards BM from the outer layers, significantly increasing the central density, hence modifying the BM distribution. Consequently, the onset of the DU process is triggered at lower NS masses, leading to a highly efficient and rapid cooling, which is substantially different from the case when it is forbidden. At the same time, the proton fraction corresponding to the DU onset remains the same, as for the pure BM star with the same central BM density. We show that despite the DU process is kinematically allowed only at 1.91 M⊙ for the IST EoS and 1.92 M⊙ for the FSU2R EoS, an accumulation of DM particles with mχ = 1 GeV of fχ ≃ 0.161% (IST EoS) and fχ = 0.378% (FSU2R EoS) triggers the previously forbidden process. An increase of the DM particle’s mass mχ ≥ 3 GeV and/or DM fraction fχ ≥ 2 % shifts the DU onset even below 1.6 M⊙. This effect is also illustrated on the compact object in the center of the Cas A. Indeed, the surface temperature drop of Cas A could be explained by the rapid DU cooling triggered at a lower mass in comparison to the pure BM star. An additional effect of DM is related to the pull of BM inward, creating a more compact core and reduction of the baryonic radius. Thus, the total surface of the star is reduced leading to a lower photon luminosity. This effect is clearly visible at the photon-dominated stage when the neutrino emission takes a subdominant role. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6981/11/1490/466489.476tpl/Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optical spectra Citation (0) Tuesday, June 4, 2024 at 9:30:00 AM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 8 T. Physics Article Rating by Readers 9.5 Locked https://doi.wikipt.org/1490/774565/871tpl Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optical spectra M. Leitzinger,1⋆ P. Odert,1 R. Greimel2 1 Institute of Physics, Department for Astrophysics and Geophysics, University of Graz, Universitätsplatz 5, 8010 Graz, Austria 1 RG Science, Schanzelgasse 17, 8010 Graz, Austria Theoretical Physics Letters 2024 ° 04(06) ° 11-09 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: 10.1490/774565.871tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgement This research was funded in whole, or in part, by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [10.55776/P30949, 10.55776/I5711]. For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission is provided by the NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. MEES acknowledgements go to NASA HDEE Grants 80NSSC18K0064 and 80NSSC18K1658 for the data rescue effort, NASA Grant NAGW 1542 for the instrument fabrication. Support was also provided from Lockheed under NASA contract NAS8-37334 with Marshall Space Flight Center and the Yohkoh mission contract NAS8-40801. This work presents results from the European Space Agency (ESA) space mission Gaia. Gaia data are being processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC). Funding for the DPAC is provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia MultiLateral Agreement (MLA). The Gaia mission website is https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia . The Gaia archive website is https://archives.esac.esa.int/gaia . Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract The Sun’s history is still a subject of interest to modern astrophysics. Observationally constrained CME rates of young solar analogues are still lacking, as those require dedicated monitoring. We present medium resolution optical spectroscopic monitoring of a small sample of bright and prominent solar analogues over a period of three years using the 0.5m telescope at observatory Lustbühel Graz (OLG) of the University of Graz, Austria. The aim is the detection of flares and CMEs from those spectra. In more than 1700 hours of spectroscopic monitoring we found signatures of four flares and one filament eruption on EK Dra which has been reported in previous literature, but we complementarily extended the data to cover the latter phase. The other stars did not reveal detectable signatures of activity. For these non-detections we derive upper limits of occurrence rates of very massive CMEs, which are detectable with our observational setup, ranging from 0.1 to 2.2 day−1 , but these may be even smaller than the given rates considering observational biases. Furthermore, we investigate the detectability of flares/CMEs in OLG spectra by utilizing solar 2D Hα spectra from MEES solar observatory. We find that solar-sized events are not detectable within our observations. By scaling up the size of the solar event, we show that with a fractional active region area of 18% in residual spectra and 72% in equivalent width time series derived from the same residuals that solar events are detectable if they had hypothetically occurred on HN Peg. Introduction The Sun has a 4.6 Gyr long history which was subject to numerous investigations. The “Sun in time” program (see e.g. Dorren & Guinan 1994; Güdel 2007) was founded to investigate the Sun’s history in great detail. The radiation environment was reconstructed from X-rays (e.g. Dorren et al. 1995; Güdel et al. 1997b; Telleschi et al. 2005; Guinan 2017), EUV (e.g. Güdel et al. 1997a; Tu et al. 2015), FUV (e.g. Guinan et al. 2003), UV (e.g. Dorren & Guinan 1994; Dalton et al. 2019), optical (e.g. Messina & Guinan 2002) to radio (e.g. Güdel et al. 1994; Villadsen et al. 2014; Fichtinger et al. 2017). The spectral energy distributions of the Sun in time has been inferred (Ribas et al. 2005; Claire et al. 2012) and also the solar wind in time has been investigated (Ó Fionnagáin & Vidotto 2018). Every study focusing on solar analogues of different age may be attributed to the idea of the “Sun in time” program. Transient activity phenomena like flares and CMEs of the young Sun can be characterized with a significant observational effort only as those are detectable via time series observations which require much observing time. Here, especially the CME environment of the young Sun remains still relatively unknown. However, flare frequency distributions, as well as flare power laws depending on the stars X-ray luminosity of young solar analogue stars and others have been presented by Audard et al. (2000). Based on these power laws Odert et al. (2017) have deduced relations to estimate stellar CME occurrence rates. Prior to Odert et al. (2017), Aarnio et al. (2012) established a methodology to relate solar flare/CME relations with stellar flaring relations to infer stellar CMEs and their parameters. Drake et al. (2013) applied a similar approach and identified the problem of the unknown stellar flare-CME association rate, as extrapolating to higher energies while using solar relations leads to unrealistic high energy requirements which have been not observed yet. Osten & Wolk (2015) assumed energy partition between bolometric flare radiation and kinetic energy of the associated CME. These authors found mass loss rates comparable to previous studies. To explain energy budget problem discussed in Drake et al. (2013), Odert et al. (2017) suggested then that probably the whole flare-CME association rate may shift to larger energies.Stellar flares are a subject of ongoing research going back to the first half of the last century where stellar flares have been detected using ground-based observations (Joy & Humason 1949; Luyten 1949, followed by numerous studies). With satellite missions such as the Microvariability and Oscillations of Stars Telescope (MOST), Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits (CoRoT), Kepler and now with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) and in the near future also with the PLAnetary Transits and Oscillation of stars mission (PLATO) long-term photometric measurements were and will be accessible. This enabled statistical investigations of flares (see e.g. Balona 2015; Davenport 2016) and superflares ((E>1033 erg), see e.g. Maehara et al. 2012; Tu et al. 2020; Doyle et al. 2020; Tu et al. 2021; Okamoto et al. 2021). Flare-frequency distributions from TESS or Kepler are determined for more energetic flares, as usually such broadband photometric observations are insensitive to low energetic flares, as those simply leave no signature in a light-curve and are hidden in the noise.and are hidden in the noise. Stellar CMEs have been detected so far mainly on dMe stars (e.g. Houdebine et al. 1990; Guenther & Emerson 1997; Vida et al. 2016) using the method of Doppler shifted emission. This method uses the signature of plasma being ejected from a star. The signature, either appearing in absorption or emission is Doppler shifted by its projected velocity. This signature is often very pronounced in Balmer lines similarly to erupting filaments/prominences on the Sun. Optical spectroscopic monitoring programs to search for stellar CMEs using the method of Doppler shifted emission/absorption are often focused on dMe stars, as those are known to frequently flare and therefore also possibly may host CMEs. dG stars reveal also frequent flares if their X-ray luminosity is large, i.e. their activity level is high. However, for the detection of flares and CMEs, only stronger events, compared to dMe stars, may be detected, because of the higher continuum around Hα on those stars, or in other words a higher contrast is favorable for stellar CME detection using the method of Doppler-shifted emission/absorption in the Hα line.Only recently Namekata et al. (2021) presented the detection of a blue wing absorption in Hα during a superflare on the young solar analogue EK Dra, which the authors interpreted as an erupting filament. This event was simultaneously observed by two telescopes. Inoue et al. (2023) report on the detection of a high velocity blue-wing emission feature being interpreted by the authors as prominence eruption on the RS CVn system 1355 Ori, consisting of a K2-4 sub-giant and a G1 dwarf. Even more recently Namekata et al. (2024) focus again on EK Dra and present this time two prominence eruptions from which one has a projected bulk velocity being above the escape velocity of EK Dra and reveals a simultaneously observed candidate of coronal dimming. Using the method of Doppler shifted emission/absorption numerous candidate events have been found especially on dMe stars (e.g. Fuhrmeister et al. 2018; Vida et al. 2019). With this method only events with a projected bulk velocity being greater the stars’ escape velocity can be treated as eruptive events. It can be concluded that they are escaping from the star, as their true velocities can be even higher. But in numerous studies events with much smaller projected bulk velocities have been found which are much more difficult to interpret, as those may also originate from flaring plasma motions. To better interpret these spectral signatures investigating the Sun seen as a star may help. Instruments doing solar 2D spectroscopy are rare. In the 90ies of the last century MEES CCD provided Hα 2D spectroscopy of a cut-out of the solar-disk, in 2016 SMART/SDDI went into operation, doing full-disk multi-filter measurements resulting in a full-disk Hα profile, and only recently the Chinese Hα Solar Explorer (CHASE) providing full-disk Hα spectroscopy. MEES did Hα 2D Hα spectroscopy of solar cycles 22 and 23, so representing the past, whereas SMART/SDDI operated during the second half of cycle 24 and cycle 25 and CHASE beginning of cycle 25 up to now and hopefully also in the future. Spectroscopic Sun-as-a-star observations date back to the seventies of the last century (e.g. Livingston et al. 1981). Spatial integrated investigations of flares and erupting filaments have been presented by e.g. Den & Kornienko (1993); Ding et al. (2003); Ichimoto et al. (2017) and only recently progress has been made especially to understand Balmer line asymmetries related to erupting filaments/prominences (Namekata et al. 2021; Leitzinger et al. 2021; Namekata et al. 2022b; Otsu et al. 2022; Otsu & Asai 2024; Ma et al. 2024), as the Sun is the only star where we can actually see if a CME occurred in spatial and temporal vicinity to a filament/prominence eruption. Read more like this Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Buy Now Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Buy Now Calculation of the Hubble Constant, the Minimum Mass, and the Proton Charge Radi Buy Now Conclusion We have presented optical spectroscopic monitoring from OLG of a small sample of young solar analogues. The observations revealed a very low level of detectable activity in Hα for the majority of stars in the sample except for EK Dra, the youngest star in the sample. In the period from January to April 2020 we have detected spectroscopically four flares and one episode of a filament eruption on EK Dra. The eruptive event has been also published by Namekata et al. (2021) who observed EK Dra at the same time. We have started observing when the eruptive event was already ongoing and captured the late stages of the eruption and the back falling material until the signature vanished. With our observations from OLG we could complement the erupting filament revealing its full evolution. In the typical exposure times used for spectroscopic monitoring at OLG (three minutes) we did not see the absorption signature caused by an eruptive filament on EK Dra. Building half hour averages revealed the absorption signatures. To estimate the detectability of solar activity events on our target stars, we spatially integrate over an active solar region revealing a complex event including flares, filament eruptions and back falling material observed by MCCD on MSO, similar to the event on EK Dra. As expected, when superimposing the spectral spatially integrated solar residuals of a solar event on a typical OLG spectrum of e.g. HN Peg then it remains invisible. One needs to increase the event area to make the signature visible in a spectrum. We need to scale the active region with factors resulting in a fractional area of the active region being 18% in residual spectra and 72% in equivalent width time series, respectively, to make the signature detectable above the noise. This behaviour is consistent with the fact that younger stars have larger active areas and therefore those can be detected in stellar spectra, whereas solar active regions are too small relative to the solar disk to be seen in full disk integrated light i.e. Sun-as-a-star observations. However, even on the other stars of the sample, activity signatures had been expected (from the Hα flare rates) but were not visible in the data. We therefore conclude that on solar-like stars already in the first few hundred of Myr the occurrence rates of more massive eruptive filaments/prominences decreases significantly. With our observational setup we might have detected massive events only. The intention of this study was the statistical determination of parameters of stellar eruptive filaments/prominences and their relation to flares. We found four flares and one filament eruption on one star. We know that the filament eruption was accompanied by a flare but the other four flares did not show signatures of filament eruptions. So one out of five flares on EK Dra shows an accompanying filament eruption, but this result is far from being statistically significant. Although the observational efforts have been increased in the past few years to detect stellar CMEs still the number of distinct events is low. We know many more candidate events, at least for the method of Doppler-shifted absorption/emission (e.g. Fuhrmeister et al. 2018; Vida et al. 2019). One way to obtain statistics is to focus on the numerous (few hundreds) candidate events and try to better understand those. This has already partly begun with the systematic investigation of spatially integrated solar, i.e. Sun-as-a-star signatures of flares and eruptive filaments, with the aim to better characterize stellar signatures of flares and eruptive filaments/prominences, including their temporal evolution (see e.g. Leitzinger et al. 2021; Namekata et al. 2021; Leitzinger 2022; Otsu et al. 2022). These studies used solar instruments capable of spatially resolved 2D spectroscopy (such as MCCD on Mees Solar Observatory/MSO) or full-disk photometry in various filters (Solar Dynamics Doppler Imager/SDDI on The Solar Magnetic Activity Research Telescope/SMART). With this study we have demonstrated that small-sized telescopes can be used to infer spectroscopic activity signatures on bright solar-like stars. 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L., 2004, ApJ, 611, 545 Gehrels N., 1986, ApJ, 303, 336 Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT PTL OPEN ssroy.science@gmail.com Monday, March 8, 2021 at 11:30:00 PM UTC Request Open Apply Now Quantum Skyrmions in (3+1) Dimensional topological DNA Subhamoy Singha Roy TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. ! 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Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT PTL OPEN Citation (0) moshe_segal@yahoo.com Wednesday, January 13, 2021 at 8:30:00 AM UTC Apply Now The Nature of Space and Dark Energy, Based on Electric and Magnetic Fields' Behavior in Space in the Energy Pairs Theory Framework Moshe Segal ! Widget Didn’t Load Check your internet and refresh this page. If that doesn’t work, contact us. TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters ! 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Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. 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Canadian Science X A method for automated regression test in scientific computing libraries: illustration with SPHinXsys Canadian Science Letters X HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT csx-home>vol-01>issue-04>A method for automated regression test in scientific computing libraries: illustration with SPHinXsys PTL PREMIUM Submitted 10 March 2023 Revised 12 April 2023 Accepted 23 April 2023 A method for automated regression test in scientific computing libraries: illustration with SPHinXsys Bo Zhang Chi Zhang Xiangyu Hu TUM School of Engineering and Design, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany Canadian Science Letters X 2023 ° 13(05) ° 01-04 https://www.wikipt.org/csx-home DOI : 10.1490/69802.105csx Acknowledgments The first author would like to acknowledge the financial support provided by the China Scholarship Council (No.202006230071). C. Zhang and Unlock Only Read-only this publication This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Buy Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Unlock us Abstract Scientific computing libraries, either in-house or open-source, have experienced enormous progress in both engineering and scientific research. It is therefore essential to ensure that the modifications in the source code aroused by bug fixing or new feature development wouldn’t compromise the accuracy and functionality that has already been validated and verified. With this in mind, this paper introduces a method for developing and implementing an automatic regression test environment and takes the open-source multiphysics library SPHinXsys [1] as an example. Firstly, the reference database for each benchmark test is generated from monitored data by multiple executions. This database contains the maximum variation range of metrics for different types of strategies, i.e., time-averaged method, ensemble-averaged method as well as the dynamic time warping method, covering the uncertainty arising from parallel computing, particle relaxation, physical instabilities, etc. Then, new results obtained after source code modification will be tested with them according to a curve-similarity-based comparison. Whenever the source code is updated, the regression test will be carried out automatically for all test cases and used to report the validity of the current results. This regression test environment has already been implemented in all dynamics test cases released in SPHinXsys, including fluid dynamics, solid mechanics, fluid-structure interaction, thermal and mass diffusion, reaction-diffusion, and their multi-physics coupling, and shows good capability for testing various problems. It’s worth noting that while the present test environment is built and implemented for a specific scientific computing library, its underlying principle is generic and can be applied to many others. Keywords: Scientific computing, Open-source library, Verification and validation, Regression test, Automatic test environment, Curve similarity comparison, Smoothed particle hydrodynamics. Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Load More Introduction The development of computers has pushed scientific computing to become an indispensable part of many technologies and industries, such as in assessing climate change [2], designing new energy conductors [3], and imposes an ever-widening effect on better predicting and understanding the phenomena of nature and engineered systems. Following the definition of validation and verification of scientific computing claimed by William [4], scientific computing should always represent the real world and the conceptual model accurately. However, this is a challenging task due to the complex mathematical models and calculations, which often require changes to separate parts of the application and definitely increase the possibility of errors. Moreover, the development of scientific applications is a lasting work, and changes occur frequently due to different requirements and new features introduced. The applications should always produce trustworthy results and assure the application qualities with the help of validation and verification conducted alongside both application development and usage [5]. Implementing testing, including unit test, integration test, regression test, system test, etc., can provide concrete validation and verification procedures. Notwithstanding the fact that it has already been adopted in many IT software, scientific applications, especially some open-source libraries, find it difficult to perform those testing directly with traditional techniques. One main challenge is due to the characteristics of the scientific application, as it’s hard to find a test oracle to check if the program can gain the expected output when executing test cases [6, 7]. Another challenge arises from cultural differences between scientists and the software engineering community [6]. Many scientific applications are usually developed by small-group scientists, who may not be very familiar with accepted software engineering practices, and haven’t studied the developing process of their software in much detail [8], and therefore may overlook the impact of changes. Regression test stands a great chance to ensure the output validity of scientific applications under development. It is a re-testing activity, which refers to executing the test suite with given inputs and comparing the output with previously stored reference results when modifications occur or new features are added. In this way, developers can make sure that their changes don’t cause any unexpected side effects and previous functionalities are still verified [7]. Since taking the regression test for all test cases is generally Conclusion This paper introduces a method for developing an automatic regression test environment for open-source scientific libraries and uses SPHinXsys as an illustration to demonstrate its functionality. For scientific libraries under centralized development, it’s essential to guarantee the accuracy of simulation results all the time, and the regression test provides this procedure. The reference database for each benchmark test is generated using different strategies, and the new result after code modifications can be automatically tested with them once the source code is updated. This regression test environment has been implemented in all test cases released in SPHinXsys, and it shows great functionality to check the validity of the new result obtained after code modifications. By doing such work, we also want to draw some attention from general scientific computing communities to emphasize the software performance during development. The principle of the regression test proposed here is universal and can be applied and extended in other libraries and applications. In the future, other regression test methods will be implemented, and with the number of test cases swelling due to adding new dynamics features, selection and reduction of test cases will also be adopted. References [1] C. Zhang, M. Rezavand, Y. Zhu, Y. Yu, D. Wu, W. Zhang, J. Wang, X. 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Canadian Science X CMOS + stochastic nanomagnets: heterogeneous computers for probabilistic inference and learning Canadian Science Letters X HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT csx-home>vol-01>issue-01>CMOS + stochastic nanomagnets: heterogeneous computers for probabilistic inference and learning Locked Premium Submitted 16 March 2023 Revised 10 April 2023 Accepted 17 April 2023 CMOS + stochastic nanomagnets: heterogeneous computers for probabilistic inference and learning Keito Kobayashi Nihal Singh Qixuan Cao Kemal Selcuk 1 Tianrui Hu,1 Shaila Niazi,1 Navid Anjum Aadit,1 Shun Kanai,2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 Hideo Ohno,2, 4, 5, 9 Shunsuke Fukami,2, 3, 4, 5, 9, 10, † and Kerem Y. Camsari1, ‡ Canadian Science Letters X 2023 ° 21(04) ° 01-01 https://www.wikipt.org/csx-home DOI : 10.1490/6576987.621csx Funding Agent Details Not Applicable. Unlock Only Read-only this publication This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Buy Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Unlock us Abstract Extending Moore’s law by augmenting complementary-metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) transistors with emerging nanotechnologies (X) has become increasingly important. Accelerating Monte Carlo algorithms that rely on random sampling with such CMOS+X technologies could have signi€cant impact on a large number of €elds from probabilistic machine learning, optimization to quantum simulation. In this paper, we show the combination of stochastic magnetic tunnel junction (sMTJ)-based probabilistic bits (p-bits) with versatile Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) to design a CMOS + X (X = sMTJ) prototype. Our approach enables high-quality true randomness that is essential for Monte Carlo based probabilistic sampling and learning. Our heterogeneous computer successfully performs probabilistic inference and asynchronous Boltzmann learning, despite device-to-device variations in sMTJs. A comprehensive comparison using a CMOS predictive process design kit (PDK) reveals that compact sMTJ-based p-bits replace 10,000 transistors while dissipating two orders of magnitude of less energy (2 fJ per random bit), compared to digital CMOS p-bits. Scaled and integrated versions of our CMOS + stochastic nanomagnet approach can signi€cantly advance probabilistic computing and its applications in various domains by providing massively parallel and truly random numbers with extremely high throughput and energy-eciency. https://www.wikipt.org/csx/creations/cmos-%2B-stochastic-nanomagnets%3A-heterogeneous-computers-for-probabilistic-inference-and-learning Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Load More Introduction With the slowing down of Moore’s Law [1], there has been a growing interest in domain-specific hardware and architectures to address emerging computational challenges and energy-efficiency, particularly borne out of machine learning and AI applications. One promising approach is the co-integration of traditional complementary metaloxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology with emerging nanotechnologies (X), resulting in CMOS + X architectures. the primary objective of this approach is to augment existing CMOS technology with novel functionalities, enabling the development of energy-ecient hardware systems that can be applied to a wide range of problems across various domains. By blending CMOS with alternative materials and devices, CMOS + X architectures can enhance traditional CMOS technologies in terms of energy-efficiency and performance Being named one of the top 10 algorithms of the 20th century [2], Monte Carlo methods have been one of the most ∗ ‘ese authors contributed equally effective approaches in computing to solve computationally hard problems in a wide range of applications, from probabilistic machine learning, optimization to quantum simulation. Probabilistic computing with p-bits [3] has emerged as a powerful platform for executing these Monte Carlo algorithms in massively parallel [4, 5] and energy efficient architectures. p-bits have been shown to be applicable to a large domain of computational problems from combinatorial optimization to probabilistic machine learning and quantum simulation [6–8]. Several p-bit implementations that use the inherent stochasticity in different materials and devices have been proposed, based on di‚usive memristors [9], resistive RAM [10], perovskite nickelates [11], ferroelectric transistors [12], single photon avalanche diodes [13], optical parametric oscillators [14] and others. Among alternatives sMTJs built out of low-barrier nanomagnets have demonstrated signi€cant potential due to their ability to amplify noise, converting millivolts of ƒuctuations to hundreds of millivolts over resistive networks [15], unlike alternative approaches with amplifiers [16]. Another advantage of sMTJ-based pbits is the continuous generation of truly random bitstreams without the need to be reset in synchronous pulsebased designs [17, 18]. The possibility of designing energy-efficient p-bits using low-barrier nanomagnets has ...............Read more by purchasing the full lenghth. Conclusion This work demonstrates the first hardware demonstration of a heterogeneous computer combining versatile FPGAs with stochastic MTJs for probabilistic machine learning and inference. We introduce a new variation tolerant pbit circuit that is used to create an asynchronous clock domain, driving digital p-bits in the FPGA. In the process, the CMOS + sMTJ computer shows how commonly used and inexpensive PRNGs can be augmented by magnetic nanodevices to perform as well as high quality PRNGs, both in probabilistic inference and learning experiments. Our CMOS + sMTJ computer also shows the first demonstration of training a deep Boltzmann network in a 32-node Chimera topology, leveraging the asynchronous dynamics of sMTJs. Careful comparisons with existing digital circuits show the true potential of integrated sMTJs which can be scaled up to million p-bit densities far beyond the capabilities of present day CMOS technology. Read full article. References [1] ‘omas N ‘eis and H-S Philip Wong. ‘e end of moore’s law: A new beginning for information technology. Computing in Science & Engineering, 19(2):41–50, 2017. [2] Jack Dongarra and Francis Sullivan. Guest editors introduction to the top 10 algorithms. Computing in Science & Engineering, 2(01):22–23, 2000. [3] K. Y. Camsari et al. Stochastic p-bits for invertible logic. Physical Review X, 7(3):031014, 2017. [4] Brian Su‹on et al. Autonomous probabilistic coprocessing with petaƒips per second. IEEE Access, 8:157238–157252, 2020. [5] Navid Anjum Aadit, Andrea Grimaldi, Mario Carpentieri, Luke ‘eogarajan, John M Martinis, Giovanni Finocchio, and Kerem Y Camsari. Massively parallel probabilistic computing with sparse ising machines. Nature Electronics, pages 1–9, 2022. [6] Jan Kaiser and Supriyo Da‹a. Probabilistic computing with p-bits. Applied Physics Leˆers, 119(15):150503, 2021. [7] Kerem Y Camsari, Brian M Su‹on, and Supriyo Da‹a. P-bits for probabilistic spin logic. Applied Physics Reviews, 6(1):011305, 2019. [8] Shuvro Chowdhury, Andrea Grimaldi, Navid Anjum Aadit, Shaila Niazi, Masoud Mohseni, Shun Kanai, Hideo Ohno, Shunsuke Fukami, Luke ‘eogarajan, Giovanni Finocchio, et al. A full-stack view of probabilistic computing with pbits: devices, architectures and algorithms. IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits, 2023. [9] Kyung Seok Woo, Jaehyun Kim, Janguk Han, Woohyun Kim, Yoon Ho Jang, and Cheol Seong Hwang. Probabilistic computing using cu0. 1te0. 9/hfo2/pt di‚usive memristors. Nature Communications, 13(1):5762, 2022. [10] Yixuan Liu, Qiao Hu, Qiqiao Wu, Xuanzhi Liu, Yulin Zhao, Donglin Zhang, Zhongze Han, Jinhui Cheng, Qingting Ding, Yongkang Han, et al. Probabilistic circuit implementation based on p-bits using the intrinsic random property of rram and p-bit multiplexing strategy. Micromachines, 13(6):924, 2022. [11] Tae Joon Park, Kemal Selcuk, Hai-Tian Zhang, Sukriti Manna, Rohit Batra, Qi Wang, Haoming Yu, Navid Anjum Aadit, Subramanian KRS Sankaranarayanan, Hua Zhou, et al. Ecient probabilistic computing with stochastic perovskite nickelates. Nano Leˆers, 22(21):8654–8661, 2022. [12] Sheng Luo, Yihan He, Baofang Cai, Xiao Gong, and Gengchiau Liang. Probabilistic-bits based on ferroelectric €eld-e‚ect transistors for stochastic computing. arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.02305, 2023. [13] William Whitehead, Zachary Nelson, Kerem Y Camsari, and Luke ‘eogarajan. Cmos-compatible ising and po‹s annealing using single photon avalanche diodes. arXiv preprint arXiv:2211.12607, 2022. [14] Charles Roques-Carmes, Yannick Salamin, Jamison Sloan, Seou Choi, Gustavo Velez, Ethan Koskas, Nicholas Rivera, Steven E Kooi, John D Joannopoulos, and Marin Soljacic. Biasing the quantum vacuum to control macroscopic probability distributions. arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.03455, 2023. [15] Kerem Yunus Camsari, Sayeef Salahuddin, and Supriyo Da‹a. Implementing p-bits with embedded mtj. IEEE Electron Device Leˆers, 38(12):1767–1770, 2017. [16] Suresh Cheemalavagu, Pinar Korkmaz, Krishna V Palem, Bilge ES Akgul, and Lakshmi N Chakrapani. A probabilistic cmos switch and its realization by exploiting noise. In IFIP International Conference on VLSI, pages 535–541, 2005. [17] Akio Fukushima, Takayuki Seki, Kay Yakushiji, Hitoshi Kubota, Hiroshi Imamura, Shinji Yuasa, and Koji Ando. Spin dice: A scalable truly random number generator based on spintronics. Applied Physics Express, 7(8):083001, 2014. [18] Laura Rehm, Corrado Carlo Maria Capriata, Misra Shashank, J Darby Smith, Mustafa Pinarbasi, B Gunnar Malm, and Andrew D Kent. Stochastic magnetic actuated random transducer devices based on perpendicular magnetic tunnel junctions. arXiv preprint arXiv:2209.01480, 2022. [19] Christopher Safranski, Jan Kaiser, Philip Trouilloud, Pouya Hashemi, Guohan Hu, and Jonathan Z Sun. Demonstration of nanosecond operation in stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions. Nano Leˆers, 21(5):2040–2045, 2021. [20] Keisuke Hayakawa, Shun Kanai, Takuya Funatsu, Junta Igarashi, Butsurin Jinnai, WA Borders, H Ohno, and S Fukami. Nanosecond random telegraph noise in in-plane magnetic tunnel junctions. Physical Review Leˆers, 126(11):117202, 2021. [21] Leo Schnitzspan, Mathias Klaui, and Gerhard Jakob. ¨ Nanosecond true random number generation with superparamagnetic tunnel junctions–identi€cation of joule heating and spin-transfer-torque e‚ects. arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.05694, 2023. [22] Jan Kaiser, Avinash Rustagi, Kerem Y Camsari, Jonathan Z Sun, Supriyo Da‹a, and Pramey Upadhyaya. Subnanosecond ƒuctuations in low-barrier nanomagnets. Physical Review Applied, 12(5):054056, 2019. [23] Orchi Hassan, Rafatul Faria, Kerem Yunus Camsari, Jonathan Z Sun, and Supriyo Da‹a. Low-barrier magnet design for ecient hardware binary stochastic neurons. IEEE Magnetics Leˆers, 10:1–5, 2019. [24] Shun Kanai, Keisuke Hayakawa, Hideo Ohno, and Shunsuke Fukami. ‘eory of relaxation time of stochastic nanomagnets. Physical Review B, 103(9):094423, 2021. [25] Takuya Funatsu, Shun Kanai, Jun’ichi Ieda, Shunsuke Fukami, and Hideo Ohno. Local bifurcation with spin-transfer torque in superparamagnetic tunnel junctions. Nature communications, 13(1):4079, 2022. [26] Kerem Y Camsari, Mustafa Mert Torunbalci, William A Borders, Hideo Ohno, and Shunsuke Fukami. Double-freelayer magnetic tunnel junctions for probabilistic bits. Physical Review Applied. [27] Keito Kobayashi, Keisuke Hayakawa, Junta Igarashi, William A Borders, Shun Kanai, Hideo Ohno, and Shunsuke Fukami. External-€eld-robust stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions using a free layer with synthetic antiferromagnetic coupling. Physical Review Applied, 18(5):054085, 2022. [28] William A Borders et al. Integer factorization using stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions. Nature, 2019. [29] Jan Kaiser, William A Borders, Kerem Y Camsari, Shunsuke Fukami, Hideo Ohno, and Supriyo Da‹a. Hardware-aware in situ learning based on stochastic magnetic tunnel junctions. Physical Review Applied, 17(1):014016, 2022. [30] Damir Vodenicarevic, Nicolas Locatelli, Alice Mizrahi, Joseph S Friedman, Adrien F Vincent, Miguel Romera, Akio Fukushima, Kay Yakushiji, Hitoshi Kubota, Shinji Yuasa, et al. Low-energy. ............ TOC (TphysicsLetters) Jun 19, 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Jun 4, 2023 ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Jun 2, 2023 Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Load More

Physics Tomorrow Material Science Letters publications. Download all open access papers form here. Share your feedback form the website about any published paper. Home PTL BOND Submission Central Browse Journals Program List More... Material Science Letters Publication archive Basic information Home Support About Email Submit your manucript Online submssion Email submission Impact factors Join as Editor Reviewer Extended indexing Science Citation (SCI) Scopus Submission is open Website is designed simply. Get anything from the search bar. PTL fellowship Best paper award Research sponsorship June submissions will be eligible for award and fellowship. Get is published earlier to apply for it later. Download Citation (0) © PTL OPEN January 8, 2021 at 10:36:31 AM Effect of Gd3+ ion concentration on photoluminescence and thermoluminescence studies of Y4Al2O9 phosphor The current paper reports the synthesis of Gadolinium (Gd) doped Y4Al2O9 phosphor by solid state reaction method. Powder X-beam diffraction (PXRD) tools are very much coordinated with the standard monoclinic system with space group P21/c. XRD investigation reveals that particles size was found in the range ∼60-70 nm. The optical (PL) and thermoluminescence (TL) behavior of Gd doped Y4Al2O9 phosphor were investigated. From the TL data of Y4Al2O9:Gd3+ nanophosphor with UV irradiation, it is observed that considerable amount of re-trapping is taking place in all the TL second order peaks. Photoluminescent spectroscopy (PL) was used to analyse luminescence properties of the prepared phosphor. The emission spectra have peaks centered at 473 nm in blue region. The process of emission mechanism is also discussed. Material Science Letters Keylines Introduction Y4Al2O9 (YAM) Al-oxide or alumina is a technologically important material for many optical, electronic, mechanical and nuclear applications. Because, it offers excellent mechanical properties, good chemical stability, high temperature (2020 ℃), denseness (4.44 g/cm3 ), low high-temperature thermal physical phenomenon and low permeability to rare earth impurity. High Injury tolerant ability, that endure it as a prospective material for thermal and/or environmental barrier coating applications [1-4]. Therefore, it is a promising host material for rare earth ions to produce efficient luminescent media, previous theoretical and experimental investigations have incontestable applications, it's necessary to systematically investigate the structural, optical, thermal, and mechanical properties of YAM. In addition, significant energy transferring from the host material to the RE element is an efficient solution to circumvent the suppressed absorptions of RE ions with the 4f–4f transitions. As a matter of fact, a large range of wavelengths can be emitted from these phosphors because remarkable luminescence quantum yields can be achieved for the f-f transitions [2,5]. The TL properties of Y4Al2O9 (YAM) samples of different dopant materials, which can enhance TL properties, have been studied by several researchers for several decades [5, 6]. Moreover, modification of alumina with transitions and semiconductor elements such as chromium and silicon oxides is expected to increase the number of defects in alumina structure and improve its absorption ability [5-8]. In this work, the role of Gd as dopant introduced in YAM phosphor a nanostructure, prepared by the solid state reaction method, will be explored in details. Various investigations of such newly prepared samples have been carried out leading to great benefit of having an enhanced radiation-dosimetry system through TL studies and optical studies such as PL. The prepared phosphor sample was characterized using XRD for structural characterization. Conclusion References Submit a manuscript

Theoretical Physics Letters HOME JOURNALS PRICING AND PLANS SUBMIT Locked Tphysicsletters/6981/11/1490/466489.476tpl/Electronic and thermal sequential transport in metallic and superconducting two-junction arrays Citation (0) Tuesday, March 5, 2024 at 7:00:00 PM UTC Request Open Apply Now Article Rating by Publisher 10 T. Physics Article Rating by Authors 9 10.1490/466489.476tpl Electronic and thermal sequential transport in metallic and superconducting two-junction arrays T. K¨uhn NanoScience Center and Department of Physics, University of Jyv¨askyl¨a, P.O. Box 35 (YFL), FIN-40014 University of Jyv¨askyl¨a, Finland G. S. Paraoanu∗ Low Temperature Laboratory, School of Science and Technology, Aalto University, P. O. Box 15100, FI-00076 AALTO, Finland. Theoretical Physics Letters 2023 ° 02(05) ° 11-07 https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters DOI: 10.1490/466489.476tpl TOA Abstract Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgments We would like to thank J. P. Pekola and I. Maasilta for useful comments on the manuscript. T. K. would like to acknowledge financial support from the Emil Aaltonen foundation. The contribution of G.S.P. was supported by the Academy of Finland (Acad. Res. Fellowship 00857, and projects 129896, 118122, and 135135). Unlock Only Changeover the Schrödinger Equation This option will drive you towards only the selected publication. If you want to save money then choose the full access plan from the right side. Unlock all Get access to entire database This option will unlock the entire database of us to you without any limitations for a specific time period. This offer is limited to 100000 clients if you make delay further, the offer slots will be booked soon. Afterwards, the prices will be 50% hiked. Buy Unlock us Newsletters Abstract The description of transport phenomena in devices consisting of arrays of tunnel junctions, and the experimental confirmation of these predictions is one of the great successes of mesoscopic physics. The aim of this paper is to give a self-consistent review of sequential transport processes in such devices, based on the so-called ”orthodox” model. We calculate numerically the current-voltage (I–V ) curves, the conductance versus bias voltage (G–V ) curves, and the associated thermal transport in symmetric and asymmetric two-junction arrays such as Coulomb-blockade thermometers (CBTs), superconducting-insulator-normal-insulator-superconducting (SINIS) structures, and superconducting single-electron transistors (SETs). We investigate the behavior of these systems at the singularity-matching bias points, the dependence of microrefrigeration effects on the charging energy of the island, and the effect of a finite superconducting gap on Coulomb-blockade thermometry. Introduction Quasiparticle transport processes across metallic junctions play a fundamental role in the functioning of many devices used nowadays in mesoscopic physics. One such device is the single electron transistor (SET), invented and fabricated almost two decades ago [1], which has found remarkable applications as ultrasensitive charge detector [2] and as amplifier operating at the quantum limit [3]. In the emerging field of quantum computing the superconducting SET has been proposed and used as a quantum bit [4]. With advancements in lithography techniques, this device can be fully suspended [5], thus providing a new avenue for nanoelectromechanics. Similar devices are currently used (in practice arrays with several junctions turn out to provide a larger signal-to-noise ratio) as Coulomb blockade (CBT) primary thermometers [6]. Also, superconducting double-junction systems with appropriate bias can be operated as microcoolers [7]. The functioning of these three classes of devices is based on the interplay between two out of the three relevant energy scales: the superconducting gap, the charging energy, and the temperature. For example, in the case of microcoolers, the temperature and the gap are finite, and the charging energy is typically zero. A natural question to raise is then what happens if the charging energy is no longer negligible, for example if one wishes to miniaturize further these devices. In contradistinction, for CBTs the charging energy and the temperature are important, and the superconducting gap is a nuisance. A solution is to suppress the gap by using external magnetic fields, an idea which makes these temperature sensors more bulky and risky to use near magnetic-field sensitive components. Therefore, understanding the corrections introduced by the superconducting gap could provide an interesting alternative route, although, with present technology, the level of control required of the gap value could be very difficult to achieve. Finally, electrometers and superconducting SETs are operated at low temperatures, with the charging energy and the gap being dominant. However, large charging energies are not always easy to obtain for some materials due to technological limitations, while achieving effective very low electronic temperatures is limited by various nonequilibrium processes. In this article we present a unified treatment of these three devices by solving the transport problem in the most general case, when all three energy scales are present. Our goal is to give an eye guidance for the experimentalist working in the field, showing what are the main characteristics visible in the I–V s and G–V s, resulting from sequential tunneling. Both the electrical and the thermal transport are calculated in the framework of a generalized so-called ”orthodox” theory, which includes the superconducting gap. For completeness, we offer a self-consistent review of this theory, which has become nowadays the standard model for describing sequential quasiparticle transport processes in these devices. We ignore Josephson effects which, for the purpose of this analysis just add certain well-known Conclusion We have presented the theory of tunneling in metallic and superconducting two-junction arrays such as single electron transistors, together with a number of applications. All three energy scales, the charging energy, the superconducting gap, and the temperature, are considered and their role is thoroughly discussed. For example, we examined how a finite superconducting gap affects the Coulomb-blockade based thermometry, the effect of singularity-matching peaks in the current-voltage and conductance-voltage characteristics of superconducting single-electron transistors, and we looked at the effect of charging energy in cooling devices. With the development of the field of nanotechnology, such devices could emerge as very useful tools for high-precision measurements of nano-structured materials and objects at low temperatures. TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow [1] D. V. Averin and K. K. Likharev, J. Low Temp. Phys. 62, 345 (1986); T. A. Fulton and G. J. Dolan, Phys. Rev. Lett. 59, 109 (1987). [2] R. J. Schoelkopf, P. Wahlgren, A. A. Kozhevnikov, P. Delsing, and D. E. Prober, Science 280, 1238 (1998); M. A. Sillanp¨a¨ , L. Roschier, and P. J. Hakonen, Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 066805 (2004). [3] M. H. Devoret, R. J. Schoelkopf, Nature 406, 1039 (2000). [4] Y. Nakamura, Y. A. Pashkin, and J. S. Tsai, Nature, 398, 786 (1999); Yu. Makhlin, G. Sch¨on, and A. Shnirman, Rev. Mod. Phys. 73, 357 (2001); D. 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TOC (TphysicsLetters) TOC (TphysicsLetters) The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma Quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernov Physics Tomorrow TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 TOC HIGHLIGHTS 2023 Theoretical Physics Letters Physics Tomorrow ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Physics Tomorrow Abstract Introduction Conclusion References All Products Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters A Unifying Bag Model of Composite Fermionic Structures in a Cold Genesis Theory Regular Price $700.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Detection of the large-scale tidal field with galaxy multiplet alignment in the Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $950.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Violation of γ in Brans-Dicke gravity Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $600.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Astrophysics Observations and detectability of young Suns’ flaring and CME activity in optica Regular Price $1,000.00 Sale Price $450.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View TphysicsLetters Tunable structure-activity correlations of molybdenum dichalcogenides (MoX2; X=S Regular Price $2,000.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Bayesian and frequentist investigation of prior effects in EFTofLSS analyses of Regular Price $3,000.00 Sale Price $370.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters A search for faint resolved galaxies beyond the Milky Way in DES Year 6: A new f Regular Price $1,900.00 Sale Price $750.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New X-ray polarization properties of partially ionized equatorial obscurers around a Regular Price $800.00 Sale Price $350.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Unravelling multi-temperature dust populations in the dwarf galaxy Holmberg II Regular Price $1,200.00 Sale Price $400.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New SpookyNet: Advancement in Quantum System Analysis through Convolutional Neural N Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Rapid neutron star cooling triggered by accumulated dark matter Regular Price $1,500.00 Sale Price $500.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Newly listed Tphysletters Searching for Radio Outflows from M31* with VLBI Observations Price $300.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Measurement of the scaling slope of compressible magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Regular Price $680.00 Sale Price $612.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View MAKE OPEN ACCESS New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Price $1,030.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters New method to revisit the gravitational lensing analysis of the Bullet Cluster u Regular Price $599.00 Sale Price $359.40 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Nebular spectra from Type Ia supernova explosion models compared to JWST observa Regular Price $503.00 Sale Price $271.62 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters The Nature of the 1 MeV-Gamma quantum in a Classic Interpretation of the Quantum Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View Exceptional Classifications of Non-Hermitian Systems Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters On the occurrence of stellar fission in binary-driven hypernovae Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLettersA AC frequency influence on pump temperature Price $399.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New ApplSciLett. Perturbative aspects of mass dimension one fermions non-minimally coupled to ele Regular Price $399.00 Sale Price $319.20 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View ZZ Ceti stars of the southern ecliptic hemisphere re-observed by TESS Price $200.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Magnetic reconnection as an erosion mechanism for magnetic switchbacks Price $490.00 Excluding Sales Tax Quick View New Thphysletters Calculation of the Hubble Constant, the Minimum Mass, and the Proton Charge Radi Price $499.00 Excluding Sales Tax Featured Changeover the Schrödinger Equation $100.00 Price Excluding Sales Tax View Details