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Tphysicsletters/6981/1296/Calculation of the Hubble Constant, the Minimum Mass, and the Proton

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Calculation of the Hubble Constant, the Minimum Mass, and the Proton Charge Radius Using the Dirac’s Hypothesis on the Ratio of the Electrostatic Force to the Gravitational Force

Paul Talbot

Theoretical Physics Letters

2023 ° 02(06) ° 0631-1296

https://www.wikipt.org/tphysicsletters

DOI: 10.1490/369869.0692tpl

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Abstract

This publication suggests that some physical values could be calculated using the Dirac’s hypothesis on the observed ratio of the electrostatic force to the gravitational force. The calculated value of the Hubble constant is H ≈ 72.013 km s‑1 Mpc‑1 and that of the minimum mass, Mmin ≈ 1.720 6 × 10‑68 kg. Recent observations suggest that the proton charge radius could also be calculated using an additional but related assumption: rp ≈ 0.826 4 fm.

Introduction

Currently, the local value of the Hubble constant is determined by observation. The observed values are more or less precise, and oscillate between 70 km s‑1 Mpc-1 and 74 km s‑1 Mpc-1, depending on the techniques used (Riess et al., 2022) (Freedman, 2021) (Khetan et al., 2021) (Liao et al., 2020) (Pesce et al., 2020) (Yang et al., 2020). We know that some physical quantities are limited by minimum values. For example, the quantum of action h is the minimum value of action. The elementary charge e can also be regarded as the minimum charge. Quarks are associated with a fractional charge, but they are confined inside hadrons, which do have an integer charge (Perl et al., 2004).

Conclusion

Using the observed ratio of the electrostatic force to the gravitational force, the assumed relation Eq. 6 allows precisely calculating the Hubble constant and the minimum mass. These values agree with observation and previous works. Recent observations suggest that the proton charge radius could also be calculated using an additional but related assumption (Eq. 16). It is unlikely that an arbitrary value of Eep could lead to such consistent results. More precise observed values of H and rp could confirm or refute some of these hypotheses.

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Abstract

Introduction

Conclusion

References